<h2>Answer: Light waves have a redshift due to the Doppler effect
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The astronomer Edwin Powell Hubble observed several celestial bodies, and when obtaining the spectra of distant galaxies he observed the spectral lines were displaced towards the red (red shift), whereas the nearby galaxies showed a spectrum displaced to the blue.
From there, Hubble deduced that the farther the galaxy is, the more redshifted it is in its spectrum. <u>The same happens with the stars and this phenomenom is known as the Doppler effect.
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This phenomenon refers to the change in a wave perceived frequency (or wavelength=color) when the emitter of the waves, and the receiver (or observer in the case of light) move relative to each other. For example, as a star moves away from the Earth, its espectrum turns towards the red.
The relativistic formula for the momentum of a particle of mass m and moving at speed v is

where c is the speed of light.
In our problem, the speed in terms of c is

, and the mass (still written in terms of c) is

. Substituting these values in the previous formula, we can find the value of the momentum of the proton:
Answer:

Explanation:
According to Gauss's Law, the electric flux of a charged sphere is the electric field multiplied by the area of the spherical surface:

This is identical to the electric flux of a point charge located in the center of the sphere.

I'm not sure, I think it's option A.
Let me know if I'm wrong!
Answer:
Option B is correct
Explanation:
- A is denoted to lithosphere followed by B -asthenosphere .
Which is covered by lava of E(Mantal section)