Answer 1) What is nuclear fission and nuclear fusion?
Nuclear Fission - It is reaction process when a neutron is made to strike to an atom with a heavy nucleus. It makes the atom release certain number of neutrons from the nucleus, then it splits the parent atom into smaller other atoms.
Nuclear Fusion - It is exactly opposite of nuclear fission. It is a reaction process, where the nucleus of certain light atoms tries to join the nucleus of other lighter atoms together and release large amount of energy.
Answer 2) What happens in these reactions?
Nuclear Fission - Usually in these reactions the atoms with heavy nucleus splits up into smaller atoms. Fission means breaking into smaller atoms.
Nuclear Fusion - In this reaction the atoms of several lighter nucleus combines together to form a larger nucleus by releasing a high amount of energy. Fusion means joining/mixing of small atoms to form large atom.
Answer 3) Types of atoms involved?
Nuclear Fission - Atoms with heavy nucleus like uranium which when bombarded with neutrons can get splitted into smaller atoms of xenon or strontium,etc.
Nuclear Fusion - Atoms including small lighter nucleus combines to form larger ones. For example, inside the Sun, the small atoms of hydrogen combines to form helium atoms which imparts sun a large amount of heat and light energy.
Answer 4) Types of product produced?
Nuclear Fission - Depending upon the atoms of heavy nucleus undergoing fission the products would be produced. Such as if uranium undergoes fission the products obtained will be different than Plutonium undergoing fission. Although several small by products may be similar.
Nuclear Fusion - This reaction also depending upon the smaller atoms nucleus which undergoes the process of fusion and result into a bigger atom. Example is the fusion of hydrogen atoms in sun and stars.
Answer 5) Practical Uses.
Nuclear Fission - As in this process large amount of energy is released, the major use is done in producing power. Also it's uses are seen in manufacturing of nuclear weapons.
Nuclear Fusion - It is difficult to do fusion reactions, but still we have managed to manufacture hydrogen bombs using this reaction and many researches are going on in the field of magnetism and laser beams.
Answer 6) Limitations.
Nuclear Fission - The major limitation in using this kind of reaction is because of the generation of radioactive wastes. It is difficult to dispose off the waste generated after the reaction with proper care. It effect remains years after years and are extremely toxic to all living beings.
Nuclear Fusion - It is quite difficult to nuclear fusion reaction on earth as it requires high amount of temperature and pressure. So it is almost impossible to replicate fusion reactions.
When a pure solid Z sample it a covalent compound is heated continually for 11 minutes it will undergo disintegration leaving the bonds intact.
<h3>What is a covalent compound?</h3>
A covalent compound is a compound that is made up of molecules which share one or more pairs of valence electrons and are bonded together by a covalent bond.
One of the major factors that affect compounds with covalent bonds is temperature.
The increase in temperature during heating leads to the separation of the atoms from each other but leaving the bonds intact.
Learn more about covalent bonds here:
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Answer:
a. add a little distilled water to see which layer the water adds to
Explanation:
The problem tells us to keep in mind two major aspects of the test: It has to be <em>simple</em>, as well as <em>non-destructive</em>:
- Adding distilled water can be made in under a minute, without requiring specialized laboratory equipment, unlike IR.
- It is also non-destructive, because the contents on either layer won't change due to the added distilled water.
Answer:
Researchers refer to DNA found in the cell's nucleus as nuclear DNA. An organism's complete set of nuclear DNA is called its genome. Besides the DNA located in the nucleus, humans and other complex organisms also have a small amount of DNA in cell structures known as mitochondria.
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Answer:
1. C- Three.
2. A- Methionine
3. D- Translocation.
4. C- OH.
5. A - 5'
6. A - 3' carbon
7. A. adenine and guanine
Explanation:
1. A codon is a group of three nucleotide sequence that encodes or specifies an amino acid. This means that, during translation (second stage of gene expression), when a CODON is read, an amino acid is added to the growing peptide chain.
2. The codon that initiates the translation process is called a start codon. It has a sequence: AUG and it specifies Methionine amino acid. Hence, during translation where a tRNA binds to the mRNA codon to read it and add its corresponding amino acid, a tRNA with a complementary sequence of AUG (start codon) binds to it and carries Methionine amino acid.
3. Translocation is a process during translation whereby the mRNA-tRNA moeity moves forward in the ribosome to allow another codon to move into the vacant site for translation process to continue.
4. The sugar component of a nucelotide that makes up the nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) i.e. ribose or deoxyribose, contains an hydroxyll functional group (-OH).
5. A nucleotide consists of a pentose (five carbon) sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogenous base. The phosphate group (PO43-) is attached to the 5' carbon of the sugar molecule.
6. The free hydroxyll group (-OH) of the five carbon sugar molecule in DNA is attached to its 3' carbon.
7. Nitrogenous bases are the third component of a nucleotide, the other two being pentose sugar and phosphate group. The nitrogenous bases are four viz: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine. These bases are classified into Purines and Pyrimidines based on the similarity in their structure. Adenine (A) and Guanine (G) are Purines because they possess have two carbon-nitrogen rings, as opposed to one possessed by Pyrimidines (Thymine and Cytosine).
