Answer: An atom can be considered unstable in one of two ways. If it picks up or loses an electron, it becomes electrically charged and highly reactive. Such electrically charged atoms are known as ions. Instability can also occur in the nucleus when the number of protons and neutrons is unbalanced.
Explanation:
As mentioned above, phosphoric acid has 3 pKa values, and after 3 ionization it gives 3 types of ions at different pKa values:
H₃PO₄(aq)
+ H₂O(l) ⇌ H₃O⁺(aq) + H₂PO₄⁻ (aq) pKₐ₁
<span>
</span>H₂PO₄⁻(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ H₃O⁺(aq) + HPO₄²⁻ (aq) pKₐ₂
HPO₄²⁻(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ H₃O⁺(aq) + PO₄³⁻ (aq) pKₐ₃
At the highest pKa value (12.4) of phosphoric acid, the last OH group will lose its hydrogen. On the picture I attached, it is shown required protonated form of phosphoric acid before reaction whose pKa value is 12.4.
Answer:
Electric Conduction. Electric conduction refers to the ability of a material to transfer an electric...
Heat Conduction. Where electric conduction refers to a transfer or electric current,
Explanation:
c. a tertiary alcohol; when a ketone reacts with a grignard reagent followed by protonation a tertiary alcohol is formed.
More about tertiary alcohol:
No hydrogen atoms are bonded to the functional group's carbon in a tertiary alcohol. Alcohols that have a hydroxyl group bonded to the carbon atom and are linked to three alkyl groups are referred to as tertiary alcohols. These alcohols' structural makeup largely determines their physical characteristics.
This -OH group's existence enables alcohols to create hydrogen bonds with the atoms next to them. Because of this weak connection, alcohols have higher boiling points than their alkane counterparts.
The alcohol is referred to as a tertiary (3°) alcohol if the carbon atom carrying the alcohol group is connected to three other carbon atoms in the alcohol molecule.
Learn more about tertiary alcohol here:
brainly.com/question/17419424
#SPJ4
Explanation:
Hydrogen does not obey the octet rule. Boron does not always
obey the octet rule and in fact forms Lewis acids such as BF3 which
only has 6 electrons.
