Answer:
After sufficient thickness of ice is formed it prevents further loss of heat from the bottom layers of water. This is why fishes and other aquatic animals and plants can survive in ponds and other water bodies even when the atmospheric temperature reaches or is well below 0 degrees.The anomalous expansion of water helps preserve aquatic life during very cold weather. When temperature falls, the top layer of water in a pond contracts becomes denser and sinks to the bottom. ... Thus, even though the upper layer are frozen, the water near the bottom is at 4°C and the fishes can survive in it easily.
Answer:
P = 3800 W
Explanation:
Power is equal to energy divide by time P = E/t
plug in 4560000 J for energy
convert 20 minutes to seconds
20 * 60 = 1200 seconds
plug in 1200 seconds for time
P = 4560000/1200
P = 3800 W
Answer:
separation of a liquid mixture into fractions differing in boiling point (and hence chemical composition) by means of distillation, typically using a fractionating column.
If you have no way to accurately measure all of the object's bumps and dimples, then the only way to measure its volume is by means of fluid displacement.
-- Put some water into a graduated (marked) container, read the amount of water, drop the object into the container, and read the new volume in the container. The volume of the object is the difference between the two readings.
-- Alternatively, stand an unmarked container in a large pan, and fill it to the brim. Slowly slowly lower the object into the unmarked container, while the pan catches the water that overflows from it. When the object is completely down in the container, carefully remove the container from the pan, and measure the volume of the water in the pan. It's equal to the volume of the object.
Answer:
An ultra intense laser is one with which intensities greater than 1015 W cm-2 can be achieved.
Explanation:
This intensity, which was the upper limit of lasers until the invention of the Chirped Pulse Amplification, CPA technique, is the value around which nonlinear effects on the transport of radiation in materials begin to appear.
Currently, the most powerful lasers reach intensities of the order of 1021W cm-2 and powers of Petawatts, PW, in each pulse. This range of intensities has opened the door for lasers to a multitude of disciplines and scientific areas traditionally reserved for accelerators and nuclear reactors, applying as generators of high-energy electron, ion, neutron and photon beams, without the need for expensive infrastructure.
