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marysya [2.9K]
4 years ago
8

Please help ASAP please and thanks!! I'll also mark you!

Chemistry
1 answer:
skelet666 [1.2K]4 years ago
7 0
Substitution Reactions are those reactions in which one nucleophile replaces another nucleophile present on a substrate. These reactions can take place via two different mechanism i.e SN¹ or SN². In SN¹ substitution reactions the leaving group leaves first forming a carbocation and nucleophile attacks carbocation in the second step. While in SN² reactions the addition of Nucleophile and leaving of leaving group take place simultaneously.
 
Example:
                        OH⁻  +  CH₃-Br     →     CH₃-OH  +  Br⁻

In above reaction,

                   OH⁻  = Incoming Nucleophile

                   CH₃-Br  =  Substrate

                   CH₃-OH  =  Product

                   Br⁻  =  Leaving group

Organic reactions are typically slower than ionic reactions because in organic compounds the covalent bonds are first broken, this breaking of bonds is a slower step, while, in ionic compounds no bond breakage is required as it consists of ions, so only bond formation takes place which is a quicker and fast step.
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Here is the full question

Glycerin is poured into an open U-shaped tube until the height in both sides is 20 cm. Ethyl alcohol is then poured into one arm until the height of the alcohol column is 10 cm. The two liquids do not mix.

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Express your answer in two significant figures and include the appropriate units (in cm)

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ΔH ≅ 3.73 cm

Explanation:

The pressure inside a liquid is known as hydrostatic pressure and which is represent by the formula:

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From the question above;

For glycerine; we have:

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∴

P_{(g)= 1260kg/m^3}*9.8m/s^2*h_g   ----- equation (1)

On the other hand for alcohol:

density of alcohol is given as = 790 kg/m³

gravitational constant = 9.8 m/s²

height = 10 cm

∴

P_{(a)= 790kg/m^3*9.8m/s^2*10           ----------- equation (2)

if we equate equation 1 and 2 together; we have

P_{(g)= P_{(a)

1260kg/m^3}*9.8m/s^2*h_g = 790kg/m^3*9.8m/s^2*10cm

Making h_g the subject of the formula, we have :

h_g= \frac{ 790kg/m^3*9.8m/s^2*10cm}{1260kg/m^3*9.8m/s^2}

h_g = 6.269 cm

The difference in the height denoted  by ΔH can therefore be calculated as:

ΔH = H_a-H_g

ΔH = 10cm - 6.269cm

ΔH = 3.731 cm

ΔH ≅ 3.73 cm           (to two significant figures)

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