Question

With what compound will NH3 experience only ion-dipole intermolecular forces? a) OCl2 b) NaOH c) SiO2 d) CH3I e) C4H9OH

Answer 1

Here we have to choose the molecule which can generate ion-dipole interaction with ammonia.

The NH₃ will have ion dipole interaction only with b) NaOH.

a) The OCl₂ molecule is highly unstable and remains in a linear state as shown in the figure.

b) The NaOH is purely an ionic compound. There is one lone pair of electron on the nitrogen (N) atom of ammonia and also the N-H bond has dipole moment. Now among the given molecules only NaOH is ionic in nature which remains as Na⁺ and OH⁻. Thus we can expect an ion-dipole interaction between these molecules, it is shown in the figure.

c) SiO₂ is purely an covalent compound the structure is shown in the figure.

d) Methyl iodide (CH₃I) is also a covalent compound.

e) The butanol (C₄H₉OH) is a covalent compound.

So we may expect only ion-dipole interaction with b) NaOH.