Yes, it is because gravity is a force of attraction to the center of our planet, Earth. If we drop a pencil, the pencil will go on the floor. Gravity is pulling the pencil down.
Answer:
1) The greatest height attained by the ball equals 20.387 meters.
2) The time it takes for the ball to reach 15 meters approximately equals 1 second.
Explanation:
The greatest height will be attained when the ball stop's in the air and starts falling back to the earth.
thus using third equation of kinematics we obtain the height attained as

where
'v' is the final speed of the ball
'u' is the initial speed of the ball
'a' is the acceleration that the ball is under which in this case equals 9.81 
's' is the distance it covers
Thus for maximum height applying the values in the equation we get

Using the same equation we can find the speed of the ball when it reaches 15 meters of height as

the time it takes to reduce the velocity to this value can be found by first equation of kinematics as

The outer planets have a high gravity due to their large size
Answer:
D. The temperature does not change during a phase change because the average kinetic energy does not change. Therefore, the potential energy in the bonds between molecules must change.
Explanation:
When there is a change of state (for example, from solid into a liquid, as in this example), when energy is added to the system, the temperature of the substance does not change.
The reason for this is that the energy supplied is no longer used to increase the average kinetic energy of the particle, but instead it is used to break the bonds between the different particles/molecules. For instance, since in this case the substance is changing from solid to liquid, all the energy supplied during the phase change is used to break the bonds between the molecules of the solid: when the process is done, all the molecules will be free to slide past each other, and the substance has turned completely into a liquid.
The bonds between molecules store potential energy: therefore, this means that the energy supplied during the phase change is not used to change the kinetic energy, but to change the potential energy in the bonds between the molecules.