How do I know if covalent compounds are polar bond by only seeing their chemical formula?

Chemistry

1 answer:

NNADVOKAT [17]3 years ago

3 0

if the compound is made of just two elements, if one is a metal (ie belongs to any of groups 1, 2 or 3) and the other element a non metal, (ie belongs to group 5, 6 or 7) then the compound is most likely to be an ionic compound. For example NaCl, MgO
If the compound is made of identical non metalic elements as in O2, Cl2 then the compound is covalent
If the compoud is made of just two elements that are both non metals such as in SO2, CO, NO, CCl4, the compound is covalent
If the compound is made up of more than two elements, such as in HNO3, Na2CO3, CuSO4.5H2O, you may need to break the compound into dissociating parts. You will see that, the compounds are ionic.
Hydrocarbons, compounds containing only hydrogen and carbon of varying molecular size are all covalent. Examples are C2H6, C2H4, C2H2

Note that there could be some little exceptions to the examples given. Mostly with first members of every group because of their small size which make them show substantial deviations from group behavior. For example HCl is covalent not ionic.

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The question is incomplete, here is the complete question:

Methane gas and chlorine gas react to form hydrogen chloride gas and carbon tetrachloride gas. What volume of hydrogen chloride would be produced by this reaction if 1.1 mL of methane were consumed? Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.

<u>Answer:</u> The volume of hydrogen chloride produced in the reaction will be 4.4 mL

<u>Explanation:</u>

We are given:

Volume of methane gas = 1.1 mL

The chemical equation for the reaction of methane gas and chlorine gas follows:

$CH_4(g)+4Cl_2(g)\rightarrow 4HCl(g)+CCl_4(g)$

Moles of methane gas = 1 mole

Moles of hydrogen chloride gas = 4 moles

The relationship of number of moles and volume at constant temperature and pressure was given by Avogadro's law. This law states that volume is directly proportional to number of moles at constant temperature and pressure.

The equation used to calculate number of moles is given by:

$\frac{V_1}{n_1}=\frac{V_2}{n_2}$