There are no options so I'll just give my answer. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding is responsible for the high boiling point of water. The presence of hydrogen bonds can cause an anomaly in the normal succession of states of matter for certain mixtures of chemical compounds as temperature increases or decreases.
Tetrahedral arrangement is resulted upon mixing one s and three p atomic orbitals, resulting in 4 hybridized
orbitals →
hybridization.
<h3>What is
orbital hybridization?</h3>
In the context of valence bond theory, orbital hybridization (or hybridisation) refers to the idea of combining atomic orbitals to create new hybrid orbitals (with energies, forms, etc., distinct from the component atomic orbitals) suited for the pairing of electrons to form chemical bonds.
For instance, the valence-shell s orbital joins with three valence-shell p orbitals to generate four equivalent sp3 mixes that are arranged in a tetrahedral configuration around the carbon atom to connect to four distinct atoms.
Hybrid orbitals are symmetrically arranged in space and are helpful in the explanation of molecular geometry and atomic bonding characteristics. Usually, atomic orbitals with similar energies are combined to form hybrid orbitals.
Learn more about Hybridization
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We will use boiling point formula:
ΔT = i Kb m
when ΔT is the temperature change from the pure solvent's boiling point to the boiling point of the solution = 77.85 °C - 76.5 °C = 1.35
and Kb is the boiling point constant =5.03
and m = molality
i = vant's Hoff factor
so by substitution, we can get the molality:
1.35 = 1 * 5.03 * m
∴ m = 0.27
when molality = moles / mass Kg
0.27 = moles / 0.015Kg
∴ moles = 0.00405 moles
∴ The molar mass = mass / moles
= 2 g / 0.00405 moles
= 493.8 g /mol
The two compounds shown indeed have tha same molecular formula, C5 H11 NO2. One of the molecules has a group NH2 and a group COOH, the other molecule has a NOO group, that makes that the two isomers have a completely different structure, with the atoms arranged in a completely different order. <span>This kind of isomers fits in the definition of structural isomers, so the answer is structural isomers.</span>
Scratching causes cracks and crevices on the surface of the flask (though microscopically). These will act as favorable sites for nucleation, which leads to the formation of crystals.