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Naily [24]
3 years ago
11

A force of 5N and a force of 8N act to the same point and are inclined at 45degree to each other. Find the magnitude and directi

on of the resultant force.

Physics
1 answer:
Alex_Xolod [135]3 years ago
4 0
  • Magnitude: 12.1 N.
  • Direction: 17.0° to the 8 N force.
<h3>Explanation</h3>

Refer to the diagram attached (created with GeoGebra). Consider the 5 N force in two directions: parallel to the 8 N force and normal to the 8 N force.

  • \displaystyle F_{\text{1, Parallel}} = F_1 \cdot \cos{45^\textdegree} = \dfrac{5\sqrt{2}}{2}\;\text{N}.
  • \displaystyle F_{\text{1, Normal}} = F_1 \cdot \sin{45^\textdegree} = \dfrac{5\sqrt{2}}{2}\;\text{N}.

The sum of forces on each direction will be the resultant force on that direction:

  • Resultant force parallel to the 8 N force: (8 + \dfrac{5\sqrt{2}}{2})\;\text{N}.
  • Resultant force normal to the 8 N force: \dfrac{5\sqrt{2}}{2}\;\text{N}.

Apply the Pythagorean Theorem to find the magnitude of the resultant force.

\displaystyle \Sigma F = \sqrt{{(8 + \dfrac{5\sqrt{2}}{2})}^2 + {(\dfrac{5\sqrt{2}}{2})}^2} = 12.1\;\text{N} (3 sig. fig.).

The size of the angle between the resultant force and the 8 N force can be found from the tangent value of the angle. Tangent of the angle:

\displaystyle \dfrac{\Sigma F_\text{Normal}}{\Sigma F_\text{Parallel}} = \dfrac{8 + \dfrac{5\sqrt{2}}{2}}{\dfrac{5\sqrt{2}}{2}} \approx 0.306491.

Find the size of the angle using inverse tangent:

\displaystyle \arctan{ \dfrac{\Sigma F_\text{Normal}}{\Sigma F_\text{Parallel}}} = \arctan{0.306491} = 17.0\textdegree.

In other words, the resultant force is 17.0° relative to the 8 N force.

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where:

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  • c= specific heat of the body

<u>Proving mathematically:</u>

<em>According to the given conditions</em>

  • we have equal masses of two solutions A & B, i.e. m_A=m_B
  • equal heat is supplied to both the solutions, i.e. Q_A=Q_B
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  • \Delta T_A & \Delta T_B are the change in temperatures of the respective solutions.

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Q_A=Q_B

m_A.c_A. \Delta T_A=m_B.c_B . \Delta T_B\\\\2.0\times \Delta T_A=3.8 \times \Delta T_B\\\\ \Delta T_A=\frac{3.8}{2.0}\times \Delta T_B\\\\\\\frac{\Delta T_{A}}{\Delta T_{B}} = \frac{3.8}{2.0}>1

Which proves that solution A attains a higher temperature than solution B.

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