First figure shows the object position
Second shows the image position
Third shows the focal length.
This question needs research to be answered. From the given information alone it can't be answered without making wild assumptions.
Ideally, you need to take a look at a distribution (or a histogram) of asteroid diameters, identify the "mode" of such a distribution, and find the corresponding diameter. That value will be the answer.
I am attaching one such histogram on asteroid diameters from the IRAS asteroid catalog I could find online. (In order to get a single histogram, you need to add the individual curves in the figure first). Eyeballing this sample, I'd say the mode is somewhere around 10km, so the answer would be: the diameter of most asteroid from the IRAS asteroid catalog is about 10km.
If a volcano epulses massive amounts of dust into the atmosphere, those two things will/can happen.
The events will last until the dust lays down on the earth.