Either 175 N or 157 N depending upon how the value of 48° was measured from. You didn't mention if the angle of 48° is from the lug wrench itself, or if it's from the normal to the lug wrench. So I'll solve for both cases and you'll need to select the desired answer. Since we need a torque of 55 N·m to loosen the nut and our lug wrench is 0.47 m long, that means that we need 55 N·m / 0.47 m = 117 N of usefully applied force in order to loosen the nut. This figure will be used for both possible angles. Ideally, the force will have a 0° degree difference from the normal and 100% of the force will be usefully applied. Any value greater than 0° will have the exerted force reduced by the cosine of the angle from the normal. Hence the term "cosine loss". If the angle of 48° is from the normal to the lug wrench, the usefully applied power will be: U = F*cos(48) where U = Useful force F = Force applied So solving for F and calculating gives: U = F*cos(48) U/cos(48) = F 117 N/0.669130606 = F 174.8537563 N = F So 175 Newtons of force is required in this situation. If the 48° is from the lug wrench itself, that means that the force is 90° - 48° = 42° from the normal. So doing the calculation again (this time from where we started plugging in values) we get U/cos(42) = F 117/0.743144825 = F 157.4390294 = F Or 157 Newtons is required for this case.
A distance of d is covered with 53 mile/hr initially.
Time taken to cover this distance t1 = d/53 hour
Next distance of d is covered with x mile hours.
Time taken to cover this distance t2 = d/x hours.
We have average speed = 26.5 mile / hour
That particular group of elements is reffered to as the "Noble Gasses"--a title that comes from the fact that these gases are very "secure" and don't mix well with other elements.
where f is the given frequency in this case 392, V is the speed of sound in air which is given as 343 and is the speed of car which is unknown, \bar f is given as 440 Hz
