<u>Answer:</u>
Submarines use a device called Periscope that uses the concept of multiple reflections and help us see objects above the water surface.
<u>Explanation:</u>
When a light ray falls on a reflecting surface like a mirror, it gets reflected. In multiple reflections, the incident light ray is made to reflect multiple times by arranging the reflecting surfaces in different ways.
In submarines, we use Periscope, which is a long tube like structure. The long tube is bent at ends. It uses two simple mirrors which are placed parallel to each other at an angle of 45 degrees. The light from one mirror gets reflected to the other mirror, thus causing a multiple reflection.
Conservation of momentum: total momentum before = total momentum after
Momentum = mass x velocity
So before the collision:
4kg x 8m/s = 32
1kg x 0m/s = 0
32+0=32
Therefore after the collision
4kg x 4.8m/s = 19.2
1kg x βm/s = β
19.2 + β = 32
Therefore β = 12.8 m/s
1) The electric potential at a distance r from a single point charge is given by

where k is the Coulomb's constant, q is the charge and r is the distance from the charge.
The charge in this problem is

So the potential at distance

is

2) By using the same formula as before, we can find the electric potential at distance r=99 m from the charge: