Question

The two major parts of the optical telescope

Answer 1

The "objective" (lens or mirror) is the major major major part of
the optical telescope.  It's really the only part you need in order
to make a telescope (besides something to hold the objective).
You can put a piece of film or a CCD right at the focal point of
the objective lens or mirror and capture 'images' (pictures) there.

If you want to use the telescope for looking through and seeing stuff
with your eye, then you need the other major part ... the eyepiece lens.