All categories

3 years ago

Discuss the shapes of s- orbitals, p-orbitals and d-orbitals.

Chemistry

1 answer:

timurjin [86]3 years ago

3 0

The azimuthal quantum number (l) determines its orbital angular momentum and describes the shape of the orbital.

s-orbitals (for example 1s, 2s) are spherically symmetric around the nucleus of the atom.

p-orbitals are dumb-bell shaped. l = 0,1...n-1, when l = 1, that is p subshell.

d-orbitals are butterfly shaped.

You might be interested in

Please help with chemistry question... It would help me tremendously and if you can, please show work :)?

Alexxandr [17]

Answer:

5.06 atm

Explanation:

Step 1:

Data obtained from the question. This includes:

Mass of S2O = 175g

Volume (V) = 16600 mL

Temperature (T) = 195°C

Pressure (P)

Step 2:

Determination of the number of mole of S2O in 175g of S2O.

Mass of S2O = 175g

Molar Mass of S2O = (32x2) + 16 = 64 + 16 = 80g/mol

Number of mole of S2O =.?

Number of mole = Mass/Molar Mass

Number of mole of S2O = 175/80

Number of mole of S2O = 2.1875 moles

Step 3:

Conversion to appropriate units.

It is essential to always express the various variables in the right units of measurement in order to obtain the desired answer in the right units.

For volume:

1000mL = 1L

Therefore, 16600mL = 16600/1000 = 16.6L

For temperature:

Temperature (Kelvin) = temperature (celsius) + 273

Temperature (celsius) = 195°C

Temperature (Kelvin) = 195°C + 273 = 468K

Step 4:

Determination of the pressure.

The pressure can be obtained by the application of the ideal gas equation. This is illustrated below:

Volume (V) = 16.6L

Temperature (T) = 468K

Number of mole (n) = 2.1875 moles

Gas constant (R) = 0.082atm.L/Kmol

Pressure (P) =

PV = nRT

P x 16.6 = 2.1875 x 0.082 x 468

Divide both side by 16.6

P = (2.1875 x 0.082 x 468) /16.6

P = 5.06 atm

Therefore, the pressure is 5.06 atm

6 0

3 years ago

Significant digits are the number of digits that reflect the precision of a measurement or number.

Delvig [45]

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Significant digits are numbers that helps to present the precision of measurements calculations.

Numbers that do not contribute to the precision of a reading should not be counted as significant.

There are rules of assigning significant numbers:

Leading or trailing zeros are insignificant and should only be counted as a place holder.
All non-zero digits are significant
Zeroes between non-zero digits are significant.
Leading zeros in a decimal are significant before the number.
All the numbers in a scientific notation are significant.

5 0

3 years ago

Another gas was used for many years to float transportation balloons.

Alja [10]

Another gas that was used to fill balloons was hydrogen. The reason why hydrogen is not used today is because it use to cause many fires when it was used to fill balloons up.

Hope I helped you! :)

6 0

3 years ago

Which of the following statements is true? A) This reaction will be spontaneous only at high temperatures. B) This reaction will

viktelen [127]

Answer:

D) This reaction will be nonspontaneous only at high temperatures.

Explanation:

According the equation of Gibb's free energy -

∆G = ∆H -T∆S

∆G = is the change in gibb's free energy

∆H = is the change in enthalpy

T = temperature

∆S = is the change in entropy .

And , the sign of the ΔG , determines whether the reaction is Spontaneous or non Spontaneous or at equilibrium ,

i.e. ,

ΔG < 0 , the reaction is Spontaneous

ΔG > 0 , the reaction is non Spontaneous

ΔG = 0 , the reaction is at equilibrium

The reaction has the value for ∆H = negative , and ∆S = negative ,

Now ,

∆G = ∆H -T∆S

= ( - ∆H ) - T( - ∆S )

= ( - ∆H ) +T( ∆S )

Now, for making the reaction Spontaneous ΔG = negative ,

Hence ,

The temperature is low, then the value for ΔG will be negative , i.e. , Spontaneous reaction .

And , vice versa , at higher temperature , the reaction will have ΔG positive , and the reaction will be non -Spontaneous reaction .

The standard free energy of formation will be zero , only for the compounds that are in their pure form ,

Hence , Al(s) will have ΔG = 0 .

7 0

3 years ago

How does reproduction leads to natural selection in a population

Advocard [28]

Natural selection requires variation between individuals. Mutations and reproduction increase genetic variation in a population. Natural selection occurs when environmental pressures favor certain traits that are passed on to offspring.

6 0

2 years ago