The general electron configuration for atoms of all elements in group 5a is

What are the hypotheses on which Dalton's atomic theory is based?

worty [1.4K]

Answer:

Dalton's theory are based on the two laws that are: Law of conservation of mass and law of constant composition. This theory basically described their properties of atoms.

This theory state that all the atoms are made up of matter which are invisible and in the elements all the atoms are identical in mass and properties.

3 0

4 years ago

IF YOU CAN HELP ME THAT WOULD BE GREAT

Likurg_2 [28]

Answer:
I. Changing the pressure:
Increasing the pressure: the amount of H₂S(g) will increase.
Decreasing the pressure: the amount of H₂S(g) will decrease.
II. Changing the temperature:
Increasing the temperature: the amount of H₂S(g) will decrease.
Decreasing the temperature: the amount of H₂S(g) will increase.
III. Changing the H₂ concentration:
Increasing the H₂ concentration: the amount of H₂S(g) will increase.
Decreasing the H₂ concentration: the amount of H₂S(g) will decrease.
Explanation:
Le Châtelier's principle states that when there is an dynamic equilibrium, and this equilibrium is disturbed by an external factor, the equilibrium will be shifted in the direction that can cancel the effect of the external factor to reattain the equilibrium.
I. Changing the pressure:
When there is an increase in pressure, the equilibrium will shift towards the side with fewer moles of gas of the reaction. And when there is a decrease in pressure, the equilibrium will shift towards the side with more moles of gas of the reaction.
For the reaction: CH₄(g) + 2H₂S(g) ⇄ CS₂(g) + 4H₂(g),
The reactants side (left) has 3.0 moles of gases and the products side (right) has 5.0 moles of gases.
Increasing the pressure: will shift the reaction to the side with lower moles of gas (left side), amount of H₂S(g) will increase.
Decreasing the pressure: will shift the reaction to the side with lower moles of gas (right side), amount of H₂S(g) will decrease.
II. Changing the temperature
The reaction is endothermic since the sign of ΔH is positive.
So the reaction can be represented as:
CH₄(g) + 2H₂S(g) + heat ⇄ CS₂(g) + 4H₂(g).
Increasing the temperature:
The T is a part of the reactants, increasing the T increases the amount of the reactants. So, the reaction will be shifted to the right to suppress the effect of increasing T and the amount of H₂S(g) will decrease.
Decreasing the temperature:
The T is a part of the reactants, increasing the T decreases the amount of the reactants. So, the reaction will be shifted to the left to suppress the effect of decreasing T and the amount of H₂S(g) will increase.
III. Changing the H₂ concentration:
H₂ is a part of the products.
Increasing the H₂ concentration:
H₂ is a part of the products, increasing H₂ increases the amount of the products. So, the reaction will be shifted to the left to suppress the effect of increasing H₂ and the amount of H₂S(g) will increase.
Decreasing the H₂ concentration:
H₂ is a part of the products, decreasing H₂ decreases the amount of the products. So, the reaction will be shifted to the right to suppress the effect of decreasing H₂ and the amount of H₂S(g) will decrease.

4 0

3 years ago

What type of a reaction occurs when potassium metal reacts with fluorine gas?

german

Exothermic Synthesis

3 0

4 years ago

Which element probably reacts most like bromine, Br?

Nikitich [7]

D) Chlorine, Cl. Hope that helped

8 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Federal regulations set an upper limit of 50 parts per million (ppm) of NH3 in the air in a work environment [that is, 50 molecu

pogonyaev

Answer:

1) A total of 5.91×10-3 grams were drawn into the HCl solution

2) 84.3 ppm of NH3 were in the air

3) As 84.3 ppm is higher than 50 ppm established in the regulation, the manufacturer does not comply with it.

Explanation:

The problem shows the following process: an amount of air with NH3 passes through a HCl solution. The NH3 reacts with HCl reducing the concentration of the latted and finally the remaining HCl is titrated with NaOH.

The process to solve this problem should go as follows:

a) Calculate the amount of the remaining HCl that was titrated with the NaOH at the end.

b) Calculate the amount of HCl that reacted with NH3, using the data from a)

c) Calculate the amount of NH3 present in air using the data from b)

d) Calculate the grams of NH3 using the data from c) to solve question 1)

e) Calculate the number of moles of air

f) Calculate the ppm of NH3 in air using the data from c) and e) to solve questions 2) and 3)

So, let's proceed:

a) To do this we need to take a look at the chemical equation of the HCl and NaOH reaction:

HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

And we see that 1 mole of HCl reacts with 1 mole of NaOH. Therefore, being n the number of moles:

n(NaOH) = n(HCl)

(5.86×10-2 M)×(14.5×10-3 L) = n(HCl)

n(HCl) = 8.50×10-4 moles of HCl

b) So, as we now have the amount of the remaining HCl, we need to find out how much HCl reacted with NH3 in the first place, so we need to substract the number of moles found in a) from the number of moles we had initially:

n(HCl)_reacted with NH3 = n(HCl)_initial - n(HCl)

n(HCl)_reacted with NH3 = (1.13×10-2 M)×(106×10-3 L) - 8.50×10-4

n(HCl)_reacted with NH3 = 3.49×10-4 moles of HCl

c) Now, as we know the amount of HCl that reacted with NH3, we can calculate the amount of NH3 that was drawn into the solution using the chemical equation (fortunately, the equation is already balanced):

NH3(aq) + HCl(aq) → NH4Cl(aq)

And we can see 1 mole of NH3 reacts with 1 mole of HCl, so we can conclude that 3.49×10-4 moles of HCl have reacted with 3.49×10-4 moles of NH3.

As we are being asked by the grams, we must convert that using the molar mass of NH3 that is 17 g/mol (N=14, H=1), so:

grams of NH3 = (3.49×10-4 mol)×(17 g/mol) = 5.91×10-3 grams of NH3

d) Now we must calculate the number of moles of air in order to be able to calculate the parts per million of NH3:

In this case we have to notice that we have passes air at a rate of 10.0 liters per minute and we have done it by 10 minutes, that means that the total amount of air (in liters) we have passed through the solution is:

liters of air = 10 min × 10 L/min = 100 L

e) That volume of air can be converted into moles using the information from question 2):

moles of air = (100 L) × (1.2 g/L) × (1 mol/29 g) = 4.14 moles

f) We can calculate now using the information from c) and e) as follows:

ppm of NH3 in air = number of moles of NH3 / number of moles of air × 1000000

ppm of NH3 = (3.49×10-4 mol)/(4.14 mol)×1000000 = 84.3 ppm

In conclusion, the manufacturer does not comply with the regulation of maximum 50ppm of NH3.

6 0

4 years ago