The distribution of electrons in energy levels is responsible for the shape of the periodic table.
Explanation:
Henry Moseley in the 1900s re-stated the periodic law by changing the basis of the table to reflect more on the atomic number. The present law is therefore "the properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic numbers".
Atomic number is the number of electrons in an atom and it is the same as the number of protons for neutral atoms.
In the table, elements having the same number of electrons in the outermost shell of their atoms are placed over one another in vertical columns. Each of the vertical column is known as a group or family while each of the resulting horizontal rows is known as period or row.
The Octet rule is a general rule of thumb that applies to most atoms. Basically, it states that every atom wants to have eight valence electrons in its outermost electron shell.
Kinetic Molecular Theory states that gas particles are in constant motion and exhibit perfectly elastic collisions. Kinetic Molecular Theory can be used to explain both Charles' and Boyle's Laws. The average kinetic energy of a collection of gas particles is directly proportional to absolute temperature only. Hope this helps!!
