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3 years ago

What volume of beaker contains exactly 2.23x10^-2 mol of nitrogen gas at STP?

Chemistry

1 answer:

nikklg [1K]3 years ago

4 0

Answer:

V = 0.5 L

Explanation:

Given data:

Moles of nitrogen = 2.23×10⁻² mol (0.0223 mol)

Temperature = 273 K

Pressure = 1 atm

Volume = ?

Solution:

PV = nRT

V = nRT / P

V = 0.0223 mol × 0.0821 atm. mol⁻¹. L . k⁻¹ × 273 K / 1 atm

V = 0.5 L

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Excess magnesium reacts with 165.0 grams of hydrochloric acid in a single displacement reaction.

JulsSmile [24]

Answer:

The volume of hydrogen gas produced will be approximately 50.7 liters under STP.

Explanation:

Relative atomic mass data from a modern periodic table:

H: 1.008;
Cl: 35.45.

Magnesium is a reactive metal. It reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce

Hydrogen gas $\rm H_2$ , and
Magnesium chloride, which is a salt.

The chemical equation will be something like

$\rm ?\;Mg\;(s) + ?\;HCl \;(aq)\to ?\;H_2 \;(g)+ [\text{Formula of the Salt}]$ ,

where the coefficients and the formula of the salt are to be found.

To determine the number of moles of $\rm H_2$ that will be produced, first find the formula of the salt, magnesium chloride.

Magnesium is a group 2 metal. The oxidation state of magnesium in compounds tends to be +2.

On the other hand, the charge on each chloride ion is -1. Each magnesium ion needs to pair up with two chloride ions for the charge to balance in the salt, magnesium chloride. The formula for the salt will be $\rm MgCl_2$ .

$\rm ?\;Mg\;(s) + ?\;HCl\;(aq) \to ?\;H_2 \;(g)+ ?\;MgCl_2\;(aq)$ .

Balance the equation. $\rm MgCl_2$ contains the largest number of atoms among all species in this reaction. Start by setting its coefficient to 1.

$\rm ?\;Mg\;(s) + ?\;HCl\;(aq) \to ?\;H_2 \;(g)+ {\bf 1\;MgCl_2}\;(aq)$ .

The number of $\rm Mg$ and $\rm Cl$ atoms shall be the same on both sides. Therefore

$\rm {\bf 1\;Mg}\;(s) + {\bf 2\;HCl}\;(aq) \to ?\;H_2 \;(g)+ {1\;\underset{\wedge}{Mg}\underset{\wedge}{Cl_2}}\;(aq)$ .

The number of $\rm H$ atoms shall also conserve. Hence the equation:

$\rm {1\;Mg}\;(s) + {2\;\underset{\wedge}{H}Cl}\;(aq) \to {\bf 1\;H_2 \;(g)}+ {1\;MgCl_2}\;(aq)$ .

How many moles of HCl are available?

$M(\rm HCl) = 1.008 + 35.45 = 36.458\;g\cdot mol^{-1}$ .

$\displaystyle n({\rm HCl}) = \frac{m(\text{HCl})}{M(\text{HCl})} = \rm \frac{165.0\;g}{36.458\;g\cdot mol^{-1}} = 4.52576\;mol$ .

How many moles of Hydrogen gas will be produced?

Refer to the balanced chemical equation, the coefficient in front of $\rm HCl$ is 2 while the coefficient in front of $\rm H_2$ is 1. In other words, it will take two moles of $\rm HCl$ to produce one mole of $\rm H_2$ . $\rm 4.52576\;mol$ of $\rm HCl$ will produce only one half as much $\rm H_2$ .

Alternatively, consider the ratio between the coefficient in front of $\rm H_2$ and $\rm HCl$ is:

$\displaystyle \frac{n(\text{H}_2)}{n(\text{HCl})} = \frac{1}{2}$ .

$\displaystyle n(\text{H}_2) = n(\text{HCl})\cdot \frac{n(\text{H}_2)}{n(\text{HCl})} = \frac{1}{2}\;n(\text{HCl}) = \rm \frac{1}{2}\times 4.52576\;mol = 2.26288\;mol$ .

What will be the volume of that many hydrogen gas?

One mole of an ideal gas occupies a volume of 22.4 liters under STP (where the pressure is 1 atm.) On certain textbook where STP is defined as $\rm 1.00\times 10^{5}\;Pa$ , that volume will be 22.7 liters.

$V(\text{H}_2) = \rm 2.26288\;mol\times 22.4\;L\cdot mol^{-1} = 50.69\; L$ , or

$V(\text{H}_2) = \rm 2.26288\;mol\times 22.7\;L\cdot mol^{-1} = 51.37\; L$ .

The value "165.0 grams" from the question comes with four significant figures. Keep more significant figures than that in calculations. Round the final result to four significant figures.

5 0

3 years ago

Citric acid (right) is concentrated in citrus fruits and plays a central metabolic role in nearly every animal and plant cell.

arlik [135]

0.549 mol of citric acid are in 1.50 qt of lemon juice (d = 1.09 g/mL) that is 6.82% citric acid.

<h3>What is citric acid?</h3>

Citric acid is an organic compound with a chemical formula of $HOC(CO_2H)(CH_2CO_2H)_2$ . It is a weak organic acid that is colourless. Citrus fruits naturally produce it. It is a biochemical intermediary in the citric acid cycle, which is a process that all aerobic organisms go through during metabolism.

Every year, more than two million tonnes of citric acid are produced. It is frequently employed as a chelating agent, an acidifier, and a flavouring

Citrates, which include salts, esters, and the polyatomic anion present in solution, are derivatives of citric acid. Trisodium citrate is an example of the former; triethyl citrate is an example of an ester.

Learn more about Citric acid

brainly.com/question/10796161

#SPJ4

8 0

1 year ago

A 250.0-ml sample of ammonia, nh3 (g), exerts a pressure of 833 torr at 42.4 °c. what mass of ammonia is in the container

Lelu [443]

To solve this, let's assume ideal gas behavior.

PV=nRT
Let's solve for n. Convert units to SI units first.

Pressure = 833 torr(101325 Pa/760 torr) = 111,057.53 Pa
Volume = 250 mL(1 L/1000 mL)(1 m³/1000 L) = 2.5×10⁻⁴ m³
Temperature = 42.4 + 273 = 315.4 K

n = (8,314 J/mol·K)(315.4 K)/(111057.53 Pa)(2.5×10⁻⁴ m³)
n = 94.45 mol

The molar mass of ammonia is 17.031 g/mol.
Mass = 94.45*17.031 = 1,608.51 g ammonia

6 0

3 years ago

(b) Once the ionic solid has dissolved, the anion that is formed is able to react as a base, with water as the acid. Write the n

Marrrta [24]

Answer:

b C₂H₃O₂⁻ + H₂O ⇄ HC₂H₃O₂ + OH⁻

e HC₂H₃O₂ + H₂O ⇄ H₃O⁺ + C₂H₃O₂⁻

f ka<<1

g. Weak acid molecules and water molecules

Explanation:

The water molecule could act as a base and as an acid, a molecule that have this property is called as amphoteric.

b The salt NaC₂H₃O₂ is dissolved in water as Na⁺ and C₂H₃O₂⁻. The reaction of the anion with water is:

C₂H₃O₂⁻ + H₂O ⇄ HC₂H₃O₂ + OH⁻

Where the C₂H₃O₂⁻ is the base and water is the acid.

e. The reaction of HC₂H₃O₂ (acid) with water (base), produce:

HC₂H₃O₂ + H₂O ⇄ H₃O⁺ + C₂H₃O₂⁻

f. As the acetic acid (HC₂H₃O₂) is a week acid, the dissociation in C₂H₃O₂⁻ is not complete, that means that ka<<1

g. The ka for this reaction is 1,8x10⁻⁵, that means that there are more weak acid molecules (HC₂H₃O₂) than conjugate base ions. Also, the water molecules will be in higher proportion than hydronium ions.

I hope it helps!

4 0

2 years ago

1. Write the name meaning

Kisachek [45]

Answer:

A.. 0.1 gram this means 0.0001kg of the object in SI unit

b. 0.01 meter this means 1 / 10 of 1 meter of the measurement

c. 0.000001 liter this means 1/10000 of the quality of liquid in SI unit

e. 1000 000 grams.this means 1000kg of the object in IS unit

L. 10 meters this means 10 times one meter of the measurement in SI unit

3 0

3 years ago