Answer:
4. +117,1 kJ/mol
Explanation:
ΔG of a reaction is:
ΔGr = ΔHr - TΔSr <em>(1)</em>
For the reaction:
2 HgO(s) → 2 Hg(l) + O₂(g)
ΔHr: 2ΔHf Hg(l) + ΔHf O₂(g) - 2ΔHf HgO(s)
As ΔHf of Hg(l) and ΔHf O₂(g) are 0:
ΔHr: - 2ΔHf HgO(s) = <u><em>181,66 kJ/mol</em></u>
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In the same way ΔSr is:
ΔSr= 2ΔS° Hg(l) + ΔS° O₂(g) - 2ΔS° HgO(s)
ΔSr= 2* 76,02J/Kmol + 205,14 J/Kmol - 2*70,19 J/Kmol
ΔSr= 216,8 J/Kmol = <em><u>0,216 kJ/Kmol</u></em>
Thus, ΔGr at 298K is:
ΔGr = 181,66 kJ/mol - 298K*0,216kJ/Kmol
ΔGr = +117,3 kJ/mol ≈ <em>4. +117,1 kJ/mol</em>
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I hope it helps!
Answer:
a)
⇒
⇒
b)
⇒
⇒
Explanation:
A)
Remember that positive number superscripts mean electrons lack and negative numbers mean electrons 'excess' (if we compare it with the neutral element). So, for the case of Fe2+ which is converted to Fe3+, we know that in Fe2+ there is a two electrons lack, while in Fe3+ there is a 3 electrons lack; it means that Fe2+ was converted to Fe3+ but releasing one electron:
⇒
The same analysis is applied to Br2; Br2 is a molecule which is said to have a zero superscript because it is an apolar covalent bond; and it is converted to Br-, which, according to what I wrote above, means that there is a one electron excess. So, Br2 must have received an electron in order to change to Br-; but Br2 can't change to Br- as simple as that because Br2 is a molecule, not an atom; it is a molecule that has two Br atoms, so, Br2 must give two Br- ions as products, but receiving one electron for each one:
⇒
b)
Applying the same, in Mg2+ there is a 2 electrons lack, and in Mg is not electron lack (its superscript is zero), so Mg must have released two electrons in order to change to Mg2+:
⇒
Cr3+ has a 3 electrons lack, and Cr2+ a two electrons one, so, Cr3+ must receive an electron to convert to Cr2+:
⇒
Answer:
'An ion has a non-zero electric charge. A radical has an atom with unfilled electron shells and so is very reactive, but is electrically neutral.'
'Atoms are single neutral particles. Molecules are neutral particles made of two or more atoms bonded together.'
'The primary difference that lies between these organic compounds and inorganic compounds is that organic compounds always have a carbon atom while most of the inorganic compounds do not contain the carbon atom in them.'
A i dolnt reaally know but yeh
Each shell contains a fixed number of electrons. The general formula of the number of electrons can be hold in n-th shell is 2n². 5th shell can hold 2x5² = 50 number of electrons.
1st shell contains 2 X 1²= 2 number of electrons, 2nd shell contains 2 X 2²=8 number of electrons, 3rd shell contains 2 X 3²=18 number of electrons, 4th shell contains 2 X 4²=32 number of electrons, 5th shell contains 2 X 5²=50 number of electrons and so on.
