The gravitational force.
In fact, the motion of the projectile is composed by two independent motions:
- on the horizontal direction, it is a uniform motion (with constant speed)
- on the vertical direction, it is a uniformly accelerated motion, where the vertical acceleration g is given by the gravity exerted by the Earth on the projectile.
For this reason, the composition of the two motions results in a parabolic trajectory.
Noble gasses have an outer shell full of electrons. A full outer energy level is the most stable arrangement of electrons. As a result, noble gases cannot become more stable by reacting with other elements and gaining or losing valence electrons. Therefore, noble gases are rarely involved in chemical reactions and almost never form compounds with other elements.
Its called gauge pressure
The study of static electricity is electrostatics
Impulse = Ft=mΔv => Δv = Ft/m = 4.28/0.18 = 23.78 m/s
But,
Δv = v1-v2, where v1 = initial velocity = 16 m/s, v2 = final velocity
Therefore,
v1 - v2 = 23.78 => v2 = v1 - 23.78 => v2 = 16 - 23.78 = -7.78 m/s
The velocity of ball after the force is 7.78 m/s in the direction of the force.