Answer:
A. Up
B. Out
C. Out
D. To equilibrum
Explanation:
a. The reaction in an exothermic reaction so this means heat is given off. If the cylinder is thin enough heat will transfer to the water bath
b. Since the products will create heat which will increase pressure, the piston in an attempt to maintaining a constant pressure will move up to accommodate building pressure.
c. Heat will flow out of the gaseous mixture as this reaction creates heat as a product as well
d. Heat will flow out in the capacity to create an equilibrium with the water bath that it is in.
The answer is: lose electrons and form positive ions.
Most metals have strong metallic bond, because of strong electrostatic attractive force between valence electrons (metals usually have low ionization energy and lose electrons easy) and positively charged metal ions.
The ionization energy (Ei) is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the valence electron, when element lose electrons, oxidation number of element grows (oxidation process).
For example, magnesium has atomic number 12, which means it has 12 protons and 12 electrons. It lost two electrons to form magnesium cation (Mg²⁺) with stable electron configuration like closest noble gas neon (Ne) with 10 electrons.
Electron configuration of magnesium ion: ₁₂Mg²⁺ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶.
If it is assumed that there are only two isotopes then the percent abundance needs to add up to 100%
100-35= 65%
The second isotope will have a 65% abundance.
<span />
The number of bonds for a neutral atom is equal to the number of electrons in the full valence shell (2 or 8 electrons) minus the number of valence electrons. This method works because each covalent bond that an atom forms adds another electron to an atoms valence shell without changing its charge.
