Visible light waves are the type of electromagnetic waves that make up the colors of the rainbow, because the rainbow is visible to us.
A because the toaster converts electrical energy into heat energy and, after the bread has been heated for sufficient time, toasts pop out, ready to be buttered. And converting means transforming.
The classical physics works on the Newton's laws of motion. It is applicable on heavenly bodies which are governed by the gravitational force. On the other hand, Quantum Physics is applicable for very low mass and sized bodies like electron, protons etc. The classical physics would accurately describe the motion of satellite moving with speed 7500 m/s using the following formula:

where G is the gravitational constant, M is the mass of the planet and v is the orbital speed. Then radius of the orbit can be described by this formula.
A, yes because the plane is using air resistance and acceleration is increasing while it goes up. Although you don’t know speed, still yes.