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amm1812
3 years ago
10

Acid-Base Reactions Custom Learning Goal: To learn to classify acids and bases and to predict the products of neutralization rea

ctions. Acids are substances that ionize to form free H ions in solution whereas bases are substances that combine with H ions. Strong acids and strong bases completely ionize but weak acid and weak bases only partially ionize. A salt is a term for an ionic compound such as NaCl or MgBrz When an acid and a base are mixed together, a neutralization reaction occurs. The products of an acid-base reaction do not have the chemical characteristics of either the acid or the base that originally reacted. Part A Classify each substance as a strong acid, strong base, weak acid, or weak base.
Chemistry
1 answer:
katovenus [111]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

HCL, H2SO4 and HNO3 are strong acids.

NaOH, KOH and LiOH are strong bases.

H3PO4, CH3COOH and HF are weak acids.

NH4OH, N2H4 and Zn(OH)2 are weak bases.

Explanation:

HCL, H2SO4 and HNO3 are strong acids because they completely converted into ions and gives H ion in the solution while H3PO4, CH3COOH and HF are weak acids due to their half ionization in the solution. NaOH, KOH and LiOH are strong bases completely dissociate in the solution and give OH ion while NH4OH, N2H4 and Zn(OH)2 are weak bases which cannot dissociate completely and yield less amount of OH ions. when acid and base combine together, they exchange their partners produces salt and water.

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In healthcare settings where sterilization is an absolute necessity, what method of sterilization will typically be used?
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Disinfecting (or boiling)

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2 years ago
What is the pH at the equivalence point in the titration of a 25.7 mL sample of a 0.370 M aqueous nitrous acid solution with a 0
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Answer:

pH = 8.24

Explanation:

Nitrous acid (HNO₂) reacts with KOH, thus:

HNO₂ + KOH → KNO₂ + H₂O

Moles of HNO₂ are:

0.0257mL ₓ (0.370mol / L) = 0.00951moles.

In equivalence point, the complete moles of nitrous acid reacts with KOH producing potassium nitrite. There are needed:

0.00951mol ₓ (1L / 0.491mol) = 0.01937L ≡ 19.4mL of 0.491M KOH to reach equivalence point.

Total volume in equivalence point is: 19.4mL + 25.7mL = <em>45.1mL</em>

Potassium nitrite is in equilibrium with water, thus:

NO₂⁻ + H₂O ⇄ HNO₂ + OH⁻

Where equilibrium constant, Kb, is defined as:

Kb = 1.41x10⁻¹¹ = \frac{[OH^-][HNO_2]}{[NO_2]}

In equilibrium, molarity of each compound are:

[NO₂⁻]: 0.00951mol/0.00451L - X = 0.211M - X

[HNO₂]: X

[OH⁻]: X

<em>Where X is reaction coordinate</em>

Replacing in Kb:

1.41x10⁻¹¹ = \frac{[X][X]}{[0.211 -X]}

0 = X² + 1.41x10⁻¹¹X - 2.97x10⁻¹²

Solving for X:

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X = 1.72x10⁻⁶. <em>Right answer.</em>

That means:

[OH⁻]: 1.72x10⁻⁶M

As pOH is -log [OH⁻] and pH = 14-pOH:

pOH = 5.76; <em>pH = 8.24</em>

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Which of the following best describes the difference in bonding between two hydrogen atoms and two carbon atoms?
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Answer :

2. Hydrogen forms bonds through the overlap of 1s atomic orbitals and the sharing of electrons between atoms. Carbon forms bonds through the overlapping of sp hybrid atomic orbitals and the sharing of electrons between carbon atoms.

Explanation:

The H-H bond is formed by the overlap of two 1s orbitals and the sharing of electrons between the two atoms.

A carbon atom must use the overlap of hybridized atomic orbitals and the sharing of electrons to bond with another carbon atoms.

1. is <em>wrong</em> because H can use only its <em>1s orbital</em> for bonding.

3. is <em>wrong</em> because C must <em>share electrons</em> to form a carbon-carbon bond.

4. is <em>wrong</em> because <em>C does NOT use overlapping of 2s orbitals</em> for bonding. It uses the overlap of hybridized orbitals.

5. is <em>wrong</em> because H must <em>share electrons</em> to form an H-H bond.

4 0
3 years ago
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