The balanced equation:
2 H₂ + O₂ → 2 H₂O
moles of Hydrogen = mass of hydrogen ÷ molar mass of hydrogen
= 45.7 g ÷ 2 g/mol
= 22.85 mol
Now, the mole ratio of O₂ : H₂ is 1 : 2
which means that there are two times as much moles of H₂ as O₂ taking
part in the reaction
Thus since moles of H₂ = 22.85 mol
then moles of O₂ = 22.85 ÷ 2 = 11.425 mol
Mass of O₂ = moles of O₂ × molar mass of O₂
= 11.425 mol × 32 g/mol
= 365.6 g
∴ <span>grams of oxygen are needed to react with 45.7 grams of hydrogen is 365.6g</span>
LiOH is soluble. Na2CO3 is soluble. Cu(OH)2 is insoluble.
The reaction is shown below, Acid protonates the carbonyl oxygen and makes the carbonyl carbon more electrophilic. Water attacks on activated carbonyl group and forms a tetrahedral intermediate.
Intermediate: Structure of Intermediate is shown both in 2-D and 3-D (below attached).
Carbonyl group is regenerated with the elimination of ethanol.
Reaction is as below, The final product is carboxylic acid.