Answer:
C. Mutations are a change in DNA or a chromosome and can be helpful, harmful or may have no affect.
Explanation:
- Mutations are spontaneous random changes that occurs in the genetic make up of an organisms. Mutations are rare and their rate of occurrence is random.
- Mutations may occur on the gene level known as gene mutations or at chromosome levels called chromosomal mutations.
- Mutations may be beneficial, harmful or have no effect on a given organisms. Harmful mutations cause disorders that may lead to abnormality or death of an organisms. Beneficial mutations improve an organisms adaptability to the environment.
This problem could be solved easily using the Henderson-Hasselbach equation used for preparing buffer solutions. The equation is written below:
pH = pKa + log[(salt/acid]
Where salt represents the molarity of salt (sodium lactate), while acid is the molarity of acid (lactic acid).
Moles of salt = 1 mol/L * 25 mL * 1 L/1000 mL = 0.025 moles salt
Moles of acid = 1 mol/L* 60 mL * 1 L/1000 mL = 0.06 moles acid
Total Volume = (25 mL + 60 mL)*(1 L/1000 mL) = 0.085 L
Molarity of salt = 0.025 mol/0.085 L = 0.29412 M
Molarity of acid = 0.06 mol/0.085 L = 0.70588 M
Thus,
pH = 3.86 + log(0.29412/0.70588)
pH = 3.48
Bromine (Br) is the only element listed that is a diatomic element. I believe that Bromine is going to be your answer.
Answer : The pressure in the flask after reaction complete is, 2.4 atm
Explanation :
To calculate the pressure in the flask after reaction is complete we are using ideal gas equation.
where,
P = final pressure in the flask = ?
R = gas constant = 0.0821 L.atm/mol.K
T = temperature = 
V = volume = 4.0 L
= moles of 
= 0.20 mol
= moles of 
= 0.20 mol
Now put all the given values in the above expression, we get:
Thus, the pressure in the flask after reaction complete is, 2.4 atm
ion, proton
Explanation:
Ions and protons have profound relationships.
An ion is an atom that has lost or gained electrons.
A proton is a positively charged subatomic particle.
What is the relationship between an ion and a proton?
- In an atom, there are three fundamental particles.
- Protons are the positively charged particles located in the nucleus of atoms.
- Electrons are the negatively charged particles orbiting round an atom.
- Neutrons have no charges and they occupy the nucleus with protons.
Atoms are electrically neutral and this implies that they have equal number of protons and electrons.
In an ion, the number of protons and electrons differ.
For positive charged ions, the number of protons is more suggesting they have lost electrons.
For negatively charged ions. the number of protons is less suggesting they must have added electrons.
Compound are combinations of different atoms.
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