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OverLord2011 [107]
3 years ago
15

Ludwig Boltzmann developed a model that relates entropy to _________.

Chemistry
1 answer:
kifflom [539]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

the number of possible configurations of the locations and energies of the atoms or molecules that comprise a system

Explanation:

Ludwig Boltzmann was the first to suggest that the concept of entropy could be calculated by examining the positions and energies of molecules. This was developed into an equation, known as the Boltzmann equation, which relates entropy to the number of microstates (W):

S = k ln W

where k is the Boltzmann constant (1.38 x 10-23 J/K), and W is the number of microstates.

Microstates was used to imply the number of different possible arrangements of molecular position and kinetic energy at a particular thermodynamic state. Therefore any process that gives an increase in the number of microstates therefore increases the entropy. Hence the answer.

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What is an octet of electrons? Which elements contain an octet of electrons?
8090 [49]

Answer:

Explanation:

Octet, in chemistry, the eight-electron arrangement in the outer electron shell of the noble-gas atoms. This structure is held responsible for the relative inertness of the noble gases and the chemical behaviour of certain other elements.

5 0
3 years ago
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Determine the nuclear composition (number of protons and neutrons) of the following isotopes. (a) chromium-52 protons neutrons (
madreJ [45]

Answer: a) chromium-52 :  protons = 24, neutrons = 28

selenium - 80 :  protons = 34, neutrons = 46

molybdenum-98:  protons = 42, neutrons = 56

xenon-132:  protons = 54, neutrons = 78

ytterbium-174 :  protons = 70, neutrons = 104

Explanation:

Atomic number : It is defined as the number of electrons or number of protons present in a neutral atom.

Thus, number of protons = atomic number

Mass number is the number of the entities present in the nucleus which is the equal to the sum of the number of protons and electrons.

Mass number = Number of protons + Number of neutrons

a) chromium-52 :

Atomic number of Chromium is 24 hence number of protons  = 24

52= 24+ Number of neutrons

Number of neutrons = 28

b) selenium - 80 :

Atomic number of selenium is 34 hence number of protons  = 34

80 =  34 +  Number of neutrons

Number of neutrons = 46

c) molybdenum - 98 :

Atomic number of molybdenum is 42 is  hence number of protons  = 42

98 =  42 +  Number of neutrons

Number of neutrons = 56

d) xenon-132:

Atomic number of xenon is 54 hence number of protons  = 54

132 =  54 +  Number of neutrons

Number of neutrons = 78

e) ytterbium-174:

Atomic number of ytterbium is 70 and  hence number of protons  = 70

174 = 70 +  Number of neutrons

Number of neutrons = 104

6 0
3 years ago
5. Forces (or actions) always come in pairs. They<br> are____and_____
azamat

Answer:

equal and opposite

Explanation:

The size of the forces on the first object equals the size of the force on the second object. The direction of the force on the first object is opposite to the direction of the force on the second object

3 0
2 years ago
3. What is an element?​
laila [671]

Answer:

copper

Explanation:

it's on the periodic table of elements

7 0
3 years ago
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How much sunlight is there in the transition zone. For science.
soldi70 [24.7K]

Answer:

Transition zone of the sun

Explanation:

Transition Region - The transition region is a very narrow (60 miles / 100 km) layer between the chromosphere and the corona where the temperature rises abruptly from about 8000 to about 500,000 K (14,000 to 900,000 degrees F, 7700 to 500,000 degrees C).

5 0
3 years ago
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