B) The He atom has two electrons that have parallel spin in its 1s orbital.
C) Electrons generally occupy the lowest energy orbital first.
D) The arrangement of the orbitals is the same in a multielectron atom and a single-electron atom
E) The C atom has two unpaired electrons.
Explanation:
In writing sublevel notations certain rules are followed:
- The maximum number of electrons in the orbitals of sublevels are:
two for s-sublevel with one orbital
six for p-sublevel with three orbitals
ten for d-sublevel with five orbitals
fourteen for f-sublevel with seven orbitals
- Aufbau's principle states that sublevels with lower energies are filled before those with higher energies.
1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 5s increasing order of filling
- Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons can have the same set of the four quantum numbers i.e electrons in the same orbital cannot spin in the same direction.
- Hund's rule states that electrons go into degenerate orbitals singly first before pairing up.
Based on these principles and the animation, the following options are correct:
B) The He atom has two electrons that have parallel spin in its 1s orbital.
Helium has two electrons in the 1s orbital. From Pauli's exclusion principle, we see that the two electrons cannot spin in the same way. Therefore, they have parallel spin
C) Electrons generally occupy the lowest energy orbital first.
From Aufbau's principle, electrons go into orbitals with lower energies first before those with higher energies.
D) The arrangement of the orbitals is the same in a multi-electron atom and a single-electron atom
1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 5s
Orbitals are arranged in the order of their energies from the lowest to the highest.
E) The C atom has two unpaired electrons.
Configuration for carbon atom is shown below:
1s² 2s² 2p²
Learn more:
Orbitals brainly.com/question/1832385
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