Answer:
Hydration
Explanation:
In water, ions are surrounded by a sphere of water molecules called a hydration shell. The process of forming this shell is called hydration.
Answer:
E = 0.062 V
Explanation:
(a) See the attached file for the answer
(b)
Calculating the voltage (E) using the formula;
E = - (2.303RT/nf)log Cathode/Anode
Where,
R = 8.314 J/K/mol
T = 35°C = 308 K
F- Faraday's constant = 96500 C/mol,
n = number of moles of electron = 2
Substituting, we have
E = -(2.303 * 8.314 *308/2*96500) *log (0.03/3)
= -0.031 * -2
= 0.062V
Therefore, the voltmeter will show a voltage of 0.062 V
Considering; graphite; standard enthalpy = 0 and entropy = 5.740; diamond standard enthalpy = 1.897 and entropy = 2.38.
Using the equation Delta G = Delta H - Temperature (DeltaS)
Delta H = enthalpy sum of products - enthalpy sum of reactants
Which will be; 0 -1.897 = -1.897 kJ/Mol
Delta S is the entropy sum; given by
5.740 - 2.38 = 3.36 J/Mol
We can convert Delta S from Joules to kilo Joules by dividing by 1000
we get ; 0.00336 kJ/mol
We are given a temperature in kelvin which suits the calculations ((298 k)
Therefore; using the equation;
= -1.897 - (298 × 0.00336) = -2.90 kJ
Thus; the standard gibbs free energy will be; -2.9 kJ
Answer:
please mark as brainliest
Explanation:
Any substance that inhibits the growth and replication of a bacterium or kills it outright can be called an antibiotic. Antibiotics are a type of antimicrobial designed to target bacterial infections within (or on) the body. This makes antibiotics subtly different from the other main kinds of antimicrobials widely used today:
Antiseptics are used to sterilise surfaces of living tissue when the risk of infection is high, such as during surgery.
Disinfectants are non-selective antimicrobials, killing a wide range of micro-organisms including bacteria. They are used on non-living surfaces, for example in hospitals.
Of course, bacteria are not the only microbes that can be harmful to us. Fungi and viruses can also be a danger to humans, and they are targeted by antifungals and antivirals, respectively. Only substances that target bacteria are called antibiotics, while the name antimicrobial is an umbrella term for anything that inhibits or kills microbial cells including antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals and chemicals such as antiseptics.
Most antibiotics used today are produced in laboratories, but they are often based on compounds scientists have found in nature. Some microbes, for example, produce substances specifically to kill other nearby bacteria in order to gain an advantage when competing for food, water or other limited resources. However, some microbes only produce antibiotics in the laboratory
Answer:
Option(II) and option (IV) are correct.
Explanation:
Here products are 
and 
and reactant is 
(I) According to Le-chatelier principle,increase in will shift the equilibrium towards reactant side to keep the equilibrium constant unchanged.
(II) According to Le-chatelier principle,decrease in will shift the equilibrium towards product side to keep the equilibrium constant unchanged.
(III) Adding a catalyst will not change position of equilibrium. Catalyst only helps to achieve equilibrium in a lesser time.
(IV) As this reaction is an endothermic reaction therefore heat is consumed in formation of product. Therefore increase in temperature will lead to formation of more product to consume excess heat added.
(V) Pure solids and liquids do not affect position of equilibrium as their concentrations remain unchanged.
