I would imagine they’d be equal.
F = ma
We can treat mass and force as constants because they do not change throughout both systems and they are the same on both systems. That would mean the acceleration would be the same for both systems.
An explanation of this could be the two forces are acting in different directions, so one is positively accelerating the object and the other is negatively accelerating it
The dependant variable is what you measure during the experiment and what is affected in the experiment (this is for question 4) so the answer would be D
Moving the electron away from the nucleus requires energy, so the electrons in the outer shell will have more energy than ones in the inner shell. Electrons always have a charge of -1, so the charge in the inner and outer shell will be the same. Therefore the answer is 3
