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Hoochie [10]
3 years ago
10

Select the three most acidic hydrogen atoms in lactic acid, CH3CH(OH)CO2H, and rank them in order of decreasing acidity. Explain

your reasoning.

Chemistry
2 answers:
musickatia [10]3 years ago
6 0

The three most acidic hydrogen atoms in lactic acid, CH₃CH(OH) CO2H in order of decreasing acidity: COOH, -OH, -CH, -CH₃

<h3>Further explanation</h3>

In determining the acid strength of a Hydrogen, we must look at the conjugate bases after we take the Hydrogen atom.

The more stable anion that is formed after we take the hydrogen atom, the easier it is to lose hydrogen and the more acidic the hydrogen is

The effect of the stability of this anion can be influenced by the value of electronegativity, induction or resonance

Another method that we can use to find the Hydrogen acidity value is the pKa value in the functional group to which Hydrogen is bound

From the existing pKa values, they include:

sp³ carbon = pka 50

sp² carbon = pka 45

sp carbon = pka 25

amine = pka 35

alcohol = pka 16

phenol = pka 10

carboxylic acid = pka 5

hydrogen halide = pka 3 to - 10

From lactic acid compounds there are 4 functional groups of H-bound protons, namely: COOH, -OH, -CH, -CH₃

If we look at the value --- pKa (-logKa) is inversely proportional to the acidic strength of the compound --- then the order of acidity of Hydrogen from the strongest to the weakest is:

  • 1. COOH pKa 5
  • 2. OH ​​/ alcohol pKa 16
  • 3. CH pKa 25
  • 4. CH₃ pka 50

If we see COOH has a stronger acidity than OH because the conjugate base COO⁻ is more stable than O⁻ because negative ions are more evenly distributed because their ionic forces are attracted by 2 oxygen atoms

While OH and CH itself in terms of electronegativity, O atoms are more electronegative compared to C atoms, so the conjugate bases are more stable (negative ions), so alcohol is more acidic than CH

And CH₃ itself is the most unstable conjugate base among others so that the acidity is the smallest

<h3>Learn more</h3>

strong enough acids

brainly.com/question/5273689

acetylene deprotonate

brainly.com/question/5613072

the ka reaction of hcn

brainly.com/question/9012584

Keywords: lactic acid, resonance, pKa, induction. electronegativity

Olin [163]3 years ago
5 0
It is easier to determine this if we draw the structural formula of lactic acid as shown in the attached picture. There are three functional groups in lactic acid: carboxyl group, hydroxyl group, and the parent alkane chain. Any of the hydrogens in the alkane chain is the least acidic. Then, it is followed by the H in the hydroxyl group. The most acidic is the H in the carboxyl group.

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For a constant waves speed,wavelength,of the wave increases with a(n)______
pochemuha

Answer:

higher frequency

Explanation:

8 0
3 years ago
4 Na + O2 → 2 Na2O<br><br> 6.79 moles of O2 will react to form how many moles of Na2O?
Nataly_w [17]

Answer:

13.94moles of Na₂O

Explanation:

The balanced reaction expression is given as:

        4Na  +  O₂  →   2Na₂O

Given parameters:

Number of moles of O₂ = 6.97moles

Unknown:

Number of moles of Na₂O

Solution:

 To solve this problem;

            1 mole of O₂  will produce 2 moles of Na₂O ;

            6.97 moles of O₂ will produce 6.97 x 2  = 13.94moles of Na₂O

6 0
2 years ago
How is density different from weight and mass?
defon

Hello there!

How is density different from weight and mass you say? It's simple!

1. Unlike weight, density is composed of mass and volume.

2. By dividing the mass over the volume, you can determine an object's density, while weight is the product of mass and gravity.

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5 0
1 year ago
Read 2 more answers
9. What is the name of the molecule?
AnnyKZ [126]

Answer:

3–methyl–2–butanol

Explanation:

To name the compound, we must:

1. Identify the functional group.

2. Give the functional group of the compound the lowest possible count.

3. Locate the longest continuous carbon chain. This gives the parent name of the compound.

4. Identify the substituent group attached.

5. Give the substituent group the lowest possible count.

6. Combine the above to get the name of the compound.

Now, let us obtain the name of the compound.

1. The functional group of the compound is Alcohol i.e —OH.

2. The functional group is located at carbon 2.

3. The longest continuous carbon chain is carbon 4 i.e butane. But the presence of the functional group i.e OH will replace the –e in butane with –ol. Therefore, the compound is butanol.

4. The substituent group attached is methyl i.e CH3.

5. The substituent group is located at carbon 3.

6. Therefore, the name of the compound is:

3–methyl–2–butanol.

8 0
3 years ago
NH3 is a weak base (Kb = 1.8 × 10–5) and so the salt NH4Cl acts as a weak acid. What is the pH of a solution that is 0.084 M in
kolbaska11 [484]
Answer is: pH of solution is 5,17.
Kb(NH₃) = 1,8·10⁻⁵.
c(NH₄Cl) = 0,084 M = 0,084 mol/L.
Chemical reaction: NH₄⁺ + H₂O → NH₃ + H₃O⁺.
Ka · Kb = 10⁻¹⁴.
Ka(NH₄⁺) = 10⁻¹⁴ ÷ 1,8·10⁻⁵.
Ka(NH₄⁺) = 5,55·10⁻¹⁰.
[H₃O⁺] = [NH₃]  = x.
Ka(NH₄⁺) = [H₃O⁺] · [NH₃] ÷ [NH₄⁺].
5,55·10⁻¹⁰ = x² ÷ (0,084 M - x).
Solve quadratic equation: x = [H₃O⁺] = 6,8·10⁻⁶ M.
pH = -log[H₃O⁺].
pH = -log(6,8·10⁻⁶ M) = 5,17.
7 0
3 years ago
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