1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Liula [17]
2 years ago
7

A 1 kg mass is attached to a spring with spring constant 7 Nt/m. What is the frequency of the simple harmonic motion? What is th

e periodSuppose the mass is displaced 0.4 meters from its equilibrium position and released from rest. What is the amplitude of the motionSuppose the mass is released from the equilibrium position with an initial velocity of 0.5 meters/sec. What is the amplitude of the motion? Suppose the mass is is displaced 0.4 meters from the equilibrium position and released with an initial velocity of 0.5 meters/sec. What is the amplitude of the motion? What is the maximum velocity? m/s
Physics
2 answers:
Scorpion4ik [409]2 years ago
4 0

1. 0.42 Hz

The frequency of a simple harmonic motion for a spring is given by:

f=\frac{1}{2\pi}\sqrt{\frac{k}{m}}

where

k = 7 N/m is the spring constant

m = 1 kg is the mass attached to the spring

Substituting these numbers into the formula, we find

f=\frac{1}{2\pi}\sqrt{\frac{7 N/m}{1 kg}}=0.42 Hz

2. 2.38 s

The period of the harmonic motion is equal to the reciprocal of the frequency:

T=\frac{1}{f}

where f = 0.42 Hz is the frequency. Substituting into the formula, we find

T=\frac{1}{0.42 Hz}=2.38 s

3. 0.4 m

The amplitude in a simple harmonic motion corresponds to the maximum displacement of the mass-spring system. In this case, the mass is initially displaced by 0.4 m: this means that during its oscillation later, the displacement cannot be larger than this value (otherwise energy conservation would be violated). Therefore, this represents the maximum displacement of the mass-spring system, so it corresponds to the amplitude.

4. 0.19 m

We can solve this part of the problem by using the law of conservation of energy. In fact:

- When the mass is released from equilibrium position, the compression/stretching of the spring is zero: x=0, so the elastic potential energy is zero, and all the mechanical energy of the system is just equal to the kinetic energy of the mass:

E=K=\frac{1}{2}mv^2

where m = 1 kg and v = 0.5 m/s is the initial velocity of the mass

- When the spring reaches the maximum compression/stretching (x=A=amplitude), the velocity of the system is zero, so the kinetic energy is zero, and all the mechanical energy is just elastic potential energy:

E=U=\frac{1}{2}kA^2

Since the total energy must be conserved, we have:

\frac{1}{2}mv^2 = \frac{1}{2}kA^2\\A=\sqrt{\frac{m}{k}}v=\sqrt{\frac{1 kg}{7 N/m}}(0.5 m/s)=0.19 m

5. Amplitude of the motion: 0.44 m

We can use again the law of conservation of energy.

- E_i = \frac{1}{2}kx_0^2 + \frac{1}{2}mv_0^2 is the initial mechanical energy of the system, with x_0=0.4 m being the initial displacement of the mass and v_0=0.5 m/s being the initial velocity

- E_f = \frac{1}{2}kA^2 is the mechanical energy of the system when x=A (maximum displacement)

Equalizing the two expressions, we can solve to find A, the amplitude:

\frac{1}{2}kx_0^2 + \frac{1}{2}mv_0^2=\frac{1}{2}kA^2\\A=\sqrt{x_0^2+\frac{m}{k}v_0^2}=\sqrt{(0.4 m)^2+\frac{1 kg}{7 N/m}(0.5 m/s)^2}=0.44 m

6. Maximum velocity: 1.17 m/s

We can use again the law of conservation of energy.

- E_i = \frac{1}{2}kx_0^2 + \frac{1}{2}mv_0^2 is the initial mechanical energy of the system, with x_0=0.4 m being the initial displacement of the mass and v_0=0.5 m/s being the initial velocity

- E_f = \frac{1}{2}mv_{max}^2 is the mechanical energy of the system when x=0, which is when the system has maximum velocity, v_{max}

Equalizing the two expressions, we can solve to find v_{max}, the maximum velocity:

\frac{1}{2}kx_0^2 + \frac{1}{2}mv_0^2=\frac{1}{2}mv_{max}^2\\v_{max}=\sqrt{\frac{k}{m}x_0^2+v_0^2}=\sqrt{\frac{7 N/m}{1 kg}(0.4 m)^2+(0.5 m/s)^2}=1.17 m/s m

inna [77]2 years ago
4 0

Answer:

1) The frequency of the simple harmonic motion is f=0.42\frac{1}{s}.

  The period is T=2.37s.

2) If the mass is displaced 0.4 m from its equilibrium position and released from rest, the amplitude of the motion is A=0.4m.

3) If the mass is released from its equilibrium position with an initial velocity of 0.5 m/s, the amplitude of the motion is A=0.19m.

4) If the mass is displaced 0.4 m from its equilibrium position and released with an initial velocity of 0.5 m/s, the amplitude of the motion is A=0.44m and the maximum velocity is v_{max} =1.16\frac{m}{s}.

Explanation:

1) The simple harmonic motion frequency in a system like a mass attached to a spring is determined by the spring constant k, that indicates the stiffness of the spring, and the mass m:

                                             f=\frac{w}{2\pi} =\frac{1}{2\pi} \sqrt{\frac{k}{m}}

where w=\sqrt{\frac{k}{m}} is the angular frequency

we are told that k=7\frac{N}{m} and m=1kg

                                  f=\frac{1}{2\pi}\sqrt{\frac{7N/m}{1kg}}

                                  f=\frac{1}{2\pi}\sqrt{7\frac{1}{s^{2}}}

                                  f=0.42\frac{1}{s}

the period T is

                                  T=\frac{1}{f}

                                  T=2\pi \sqrt{\frac{m}{k}}

                                  T=2.37s

2) The amplitude is the maximum displacement from equilibrium. If there are no dissipative forces it remains the same throughout the movement. We are told that the mass is displaced 0.4 m from its equilibrium position and released from rest. Then the amplitude of the motion is A=0.4m.

3) Depending on the initial conditions we will choose sine or cosine, both periodic, for the expression of displacement as a function of time x(t). If the mass is displaced a given lenght at t=0 we use cosine. If the mass is at equilibrium position x=0 at t=0 we use sine.

We are told the mass is released from its equilibrium position x=0 at t=0 with an initial velocity of 0.5 m/s. We substitute those values in the expression of velocity that we derive from the expression of displacement as a function of time. We assume the phase to be \phi=0.

                                    x(t)=Asin(wt-\phi)

                                    \frac{dx}{dt}=v(t)=Awcos(wt-\phi)

                                   v(t=0)=Aw=A\sqrt{\frac{k}{m}}

                                   0.5\frac{m}{s} =A\sqrt{7} \frac{1}{s}

                                       A=0.19m

4) We are told the mass is displaced 0.4 m from its equilibrium position and released with an initial velocity of 0.5 m/s. The expressions of velocity and of displacement as a function of time are:

                                      x(t)=Acos(wt-\phi)

                                      v(t)=-Awsin(wt-\phi)

if we substitute t=0

                                       x_{0} =x(t=0)=Acos(\phi)

                                       v_{0}=v(t=0)=-Awsin(\phi)

then we use the trigonometric identities cos(-\phi)=cos(\phi) and sin(-\phi)=-sin(\phi)

                                        x_{0} ^{2}=A^{2}cos(\phi)^{2}

                                        \frac{v_{0} ^{2}}{w^{2}} =A^{2}sin(\phi)^{2}

if we add this two expressions we get

                                        x_{0}^{2}+\frac{v_{0} ^{2}}{w^{2}} =A^{2}(sin(\phi)^{2}+cos(\phi)^{2})            

we use the trigonometric identity (sin(\phi)^{2}+cos(\phi)^{2})=1 to get

                                        A=\sqrt{x_{0}^{2}+\frac{v_{0} ^{2}}{w^{2}}}A=\sqrt{(0.4)^{2}m^{2}+\frac{(0.5)^{2}\frac{m^{2}}{s^{2}}}{(\sqrt{7})^{2}\frac{1}{s^{2}}}}

                                        A=\sqrt{(0.4)^{2}+\frac{(0.5)^{2}}{(\sqrt{7})^{2}})m^{2}}

                                             A=0.44m

maximum velocity occurs when sin(wt-\phi)=-1 in the expression of v(t)

                                         v_{max}=Aw

                                         v_{max}=0.44m .\sqrt{7} \frac{1}{s}

                                         v_{max} =1.16\frac{m}{s}

                                   

                                 

You might be interested in
How to use kinetic energy to calculate velocity
BartSMP [9]

As we know the formula of kinetic energy is

KE = \frac{1}{2} mv^2

here given that

KE = 150,000 J

mass = 120 kg

we can use this to find speed

150,000 = \frac{1}{2} * 120 * v^2

v^2 = 2500

v = 50 m/s

So speed of above object is 50 m/s

7 0
2 years ago
Multiple-Concept Example 13 presents useful background for this problem. The cheetah is one of the fastest accelerating animals,
Andre45 [30]

Answer:

9241.6 W or 12.39318 hp

Explanation:

u = Initial velocity = 0

v = Final velocity

m = Mass

t = Time taken

Energy

KE=\frac{1}{2}m(v^2-u^2)\\\Rightarrow KE=\frac{1}{2}108(30.4^2-0^2)\\\Rightarrow KE=49904.64\ Joules

Power

P=\frac{KE}{t}\\\Rightarrow P=\frac{49904.64}{5.4}\\\Rightarrow P=9241.6\ W

Converting to hp

1\ W=\frac{1}{745.7}\ hp

\\\Rightarrow 9241.6\ W=\frac{9241.6}{745.7}\ hp=12.39318\ hp

The power developed by the cheetah is 9241.6 W or 12.39318 hp

7 0
3 years ago
Explain why a steel block sinks but a steel ship floats
uysha [10]

Answer:

Fluids exert forces on objects because of many molecules of the fluid that continuously collide with the surfaces of the object immersed in the fluid. ... A steel boat floats on water but a steel block does not because the block has more weight than the steel boat due to the buoyant force.

Explanation:

3 0
2 years ago
Two common terms for a decrease in velocity are
Colt1911 [192]

deceleration or rėtardation i’m pretty sure (it won’t let me say the second word but it’s correct)

6 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
To develop muscle tone, a woman lifts a 2.50 kg weight held in her hand. She uses her biceps muscle to flex the lower arm throug
Romashka [77]

To solve this problem we will use the concepts related to Torque as a function of the Force in proportion to the radius to which it is applied. In turn, we will use the concepts of energy expressed as Work, and which is described as the Torque's rate of change in proportion to angular displacement:

\tau = Fr

Where,

F = Force

r = Radius

Replacing we have that,

\tau = Fr

\tau = 21cm (\frac{1m}{100cm})* 550N

\tau = 11.55Nm

The moment of inertia is given by 2.5kg of the weight in hand by the distance squared to the joint of the body of 24 cm, therefore

I = 0.25Kg\cdot m^2 +(2.5kg)(0.24m)^2

I = 0.394kg\cdot m^2

Finally, angular acceleration is a result of the expression of torque by inertia, therefore

\tau = I\alpha \rightarrow \alpha = \frac{\tau}{I}

\alpha = \frac{11.55}{0.394}

\alpha = 29.3 rad/s^2

PART B)

The work done is equivalent to the torque applied by the distance traveled by 60 °° in radians (\pi / 3), therefore

W = \tau \theta

W = 11.5* \frac{\pi}{3}

W = 12.09J

4 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • Some magnets have just one pole <br> Truth or false ?
    8·2 answers
  • 1.)Which is the correctly balanced equation?
    6·1 answer
  • A .2kg Basketball is pitched with a velocity or 40 m/s and then bed and into the picture with a velocity of 60 m/s. What is the
    5·1 answer
  • Peregrine falcons are the fastest birds in the world, reaching max- imum speeds of up to 320 km/h (88 m/s) during a hunting stoo
    12·1 answer
  • Which of the following would act as a barrier to sound waves?
    8·1 answer
  • Newton's first law of motion says (in part) that an object in motion will remain in motion at a constant speed and in a straight
    13·2 answers
  • An experiment based at New Mexico’s Apache Point observatory uses a laser beam to measure the distance to the Moon with millimet
    13·1 answer
  • Write down the factors on which moment depends upon ?​
    12·1 answer
  • A 700N mountain climber scales a 100m cliff. How much work is done by the mountain climber?
    12·2 answers
  • If a ball is dropped off a tall building and accelerates at 9.8 m/s^2 until reaching the ground at a speed of 55 m/s, how long w
    7·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!