Independent variable
The independent variable is the variable that is controlled and manipulated by the experimenter. For example, in an experiment on the impact of sleep deprivation on test performance, sleep deprivation would be the independent variable.
The same voltage will appear across all resistors in parallel.
Answer : The time required is, 16.1 minutes.
Explanation :
First we have to calculate the amount of heat required to increase the temperature is:


where,
Q = amount of heat required = ?
m = mass
= density of air = 
V = volume of air
C = specific heat of air = 
= change in temperature = 
Now put all the given values in above formula, we get:



Now we have to calculate the time required.
Formula used :

where,
t = time required = ?
Q = amount of heat required = 
P = power = 1500 W
Now put all the given values in above formula, we get:


Thus, the time required is, 16.1 minutes.
Complete Question
An athlete at the gym holds a 3.0 kg steel ball in his hand. His arm is 70 cm long and has a mass of 4.0 kg. Assume, a bit unrealistically, that the athlete's arm is uniform.
What is the magnitude of the torque about his shoulder if he holds his arm straight out to his side, parallel to the floor? Include the torque due to the steel ball, as well as the torque due to the arm's weight.
Answer:
The torque is 
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The mass of the steel ball is 
The length of arm is 
The mass of the arm is 
Given that the arm of the athlete is uniform them the distance from the shoulder to the center of gravity of the arm is mathematically represented as

=>
=>
Generally the magnitude of torque about the athlete shoulder is mathematically represented as

=> 
=> 