Momentum = (mass) x (velocity)
Original momentum before the hit =
(0.16 kg) x (38 m/s) this way <==
= 6.08 kg-m/s this way <==
Momentum after the hit =
(0.16) x (44 m/s) that way ==>
= 7.04 kg-m/s that way ==>
Change in momentum = (6.08 + 7.04) = 13.12 kg-m/s that way ==> .
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Change in momentum = impulse.
Impulse = (force) x (time the force lasted)
13.12 kg-m/s = (force) x (0.002 sec)
(13.12 kg-m/s) / (0.002 sec) = Force
6,560 kg-m/s² = 6,560 Newtons = Force
( about 1,475 pounds ! ! ! )
The answer is orbit, we are orbiting the sun as the moon orbits us
If the object is moving in a straight line at a constant speed, then that's
the definition of zero acceleration. It can only happen when the sum of
all forces (the 'net' force) on the object is zero.
And it doesn't matter what the object's mass is. That argument is true
for specks of dust, battleships, rocks, stars, rock-stars, planets, and
everything in between.
We can solve the problem by using the first law of thermodynamics:
where
is the change in internal energy of the system
is the heat absorbed by the system
is the work done by the system on the surrounding
In this problem, the work done by the system is
with a negative sign because the work is done by the surrounding on the system, while the heat absorbed is
with a negative sign as well because it is released by the system.
Therefore, by using the initial equation, we find
