Answer:

Explanation:
We define our values according to the text,
R= Radius
Velocity
Strenght of the vortex filament
From this and in a vectorial way we express an elemental lenght of this filmaent as
. So,

Where
imply a vector acting perpendicular to both vectors.
Applying Biot-Savart law, we have,

Substituting the preoviusly equation obtained,



So we can express the velocity induced is,

Answer:
If R₂=25.78 ohm, then R₁=10.58 ohm
If R₂=10.57 then R₁=25.79 ohm
Explanation:
R₁ = Resistance of first resistor
R₂ = Resistance of second resistor
V = Voltage of battery = 12 V
I = Current = 0.33 A (series)
I = Current = 1.6 A (parallel)
In series

In parallel


Solving the above quadratic equation


∴ If R₂=25.78 ohm, then R₁=10.58 ohm
If R₂=10.57 then R₁=25.79 ohm
Answer:
The message (signal) coming from the earth was sent first.
Explanation:
The radio messages reach Mars simultaneously, because the distance from Earth to Mars and that of from Mars to Asteroid is same. But the passenger in the spaceship is moving relative to Mars towards Earth and hence, the message from Earth reaches first.
According to passenger frame, the message (signal) coming from the Earth was sent first compared to message coming from Asteroid.