Question

N2 molecules absorb ultraviolet light but not visible light. I2 molecules absorb both visible and ultraviolet light. Which of the following statements explains the observations?
More energy is required to make N2 molecules vibrate than is required to make I2 molecules vibrate.
A

More energy is required to remove an electron from an I2 molecule than is required to remove an electron from a N2 molecule.
B

Visible light does not produce transitions between electronic energy levels in the N2 molecule but does produce transitions in the I2 molecule.
C

The molecular mass of I2 is greater than the molecular mass of N2.

Answer 1

C. Visible light does not produce transitions between electronic energy levels in the N₂ molecule but does produce transitions in the I₂ molecule.

Explanation:

Abortion of light by molecules will produce electronic transitions from a ground level to a higher level equal to the energy of absorbed light.

In the case of nitrogen (N₂) the allowed electronic transitions are between electronic energy levels with a energy difference equal to the energy of photons of the ultraviolet light. Nitrogen will not absorb from the visible range so it is colorless.

Now iodine (I₂) have the allowed electronic transitions between electronic energy levels with a energy difference equal to the energy of photons of the visible light. As a consequence Iodine vapors have a violet color.

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electronic transitions

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