Answer:
Explanation:
Boyle believed that chemistry – the behavior of substances – could be explained through the motion of atoms, which in turn could be understood through mechanics – Galileo's mathematics of motion. Boyle was ultimately proved correct, because today we can understand chemistry mathematically, through quantum mechanics.
Answer:
- <em>The partial pressure of oxygen in the mixture is</em><u> 320.0 mm Hg</u>
Explanation:
<u>1) Take a base of 100 liters of mixture</u>:
- N: 60% × 100 liter = 60 liter
- O: 40 % × 100 liter = 40 liter.
<u>2) Volume fraction:</u>
At constant pressure and temperature, the volume of a gas is proportional to the number of molecules.
Then, the mole ratio is equal to the volume ratio. Callin n₁ and n₂, the number of moles of nitrogen and oxygen, respectively, and V₁, V₂ the volume of the respective gases you can set the proportion:
That means that the mole ratio is equal to the volume ratio, and the mole fraction is equal to the volume fraction.
Then, since the law of partial pressures of gases states that the partial pressure of each gas is equal to the mole fraction of the gas multiplied by the total pressure, you can draw the conclusion that the partial pressure of each gas is equal to the volume fraction of the gas in the mixture multiplied by the total pressure.
Then calculate the volume fractions:
- Volume fraction of a gas = volume of the gas / volume of the mixture
- N: 60 liter / 100 liter = 0.6 liter
- V: 40 liter / 100 liter = 0.4 liter
<u>3) Partial pressures:</u>
These are the final calculations and results:
- Partial pressure = volume fraction × total pressure
- Partial pressure of N = 0.6 × 800.0 mm Hg = 480.0 mm Hg
- Partial pressure of O = 0.4 × 800.0 mm Hg = 320.0 mm Hg
For this case, we must take into account the following conversion factors:
Therefore, by applying the conversion factors we have:
For cubic centimeters:
For liters:
Answer:
941 milliliters is the same as:
Answer:
The molar concentration of radon is 4.38 x 10⁻⁶ mol.L⁻¹
Explanation:
Molar fraction = number of moles of a certain component / total number of moles
Partial pressure = Total pressure x molar fraction
Partial pressure = 34 atm x 3.2 x 10⁻⁶
Partial pressure = 1.09 x 10⁻⁴ atm
Considering radon as an ideal gas, PV = nRT
molar concentration = n/V
n/V = P/RT
n/V = 1.09 x 10⁻⁴ atm / 0.082 L.atm.mol⁻¹K⁻¹ x 303.15K
n/V = 4.38 x 10⁻⁶ mol.L⁻¹