Any buffer exists in this equilibrium
HA <=>

In a buffer, there is a large reservoir of both the undissociated acid (HA) and its conjugate base (

)
When a strong acid is added, it reacts with the large reservoir of the conjugate base (

) forming a salt and water. Since this large reservoir of the conjugate base is used, the ph does not alter drastically, but instead resist the pH change.
The answer is B) gain 8 electrons
Answer:
The calcium concentration must be greater outside the cell than inside the cell.
Explanation:
My previous answer was deleted from the explanation I provided from another website.
This problem requires our calculation to undergo the dimensional analysis approach. In this approach, you disregard the actual quantity and focus on the units of measurement. This helps us know the units of our final answer.
First, let's ignore 16. Let's focus on converting the units kPa-mm³/s to mJ/s. The unit kPa stands for kiloPascals which is 1000 times greater than 1 Pa. The unit mJ, on the other hand, stands for millijoules, which is 1000 times lesser than Joules. The relationship between the two is that, Joules = Pa × m³. But since we want our final answer to be mJ, that would be equal to Pa×mm³. Since the original unit already contains mm³, all we have to do is convert kPa to Pa.
16 kPa-mm³/s * (1000 Pa/1 kPa) = 16,000 Pa-mm³/s
Since Pa-mm³ is equal to mJ, the final conversion yields to 16,000 Pa-mm³/s.