Answers and Explanation:
a)- The chemical equation for the corresponden equilibrium of Ka1 is:
2. HNO2(aq)⇌H+(aq)+NO−2
Because Ka1 correspond to a dissociation equilibrium. Nitrous acid (HNO₂) losses a proton (H⁺) and gives the monovalent anion NO₂⁻.
b)- The relation between Ka and the free energy change (ΔG) is given by the following equation:
ΔG= ΔGº + RT ln Q
Where T is the temperature (T= 25ºc= 298 K) and R is the gases constant (8.314 J/K.mol)
At the equilibrium: ΔG=0 and Q= Ka. So, we can calculate ΔGº by introducing the value of Ka:
⇒ 0 = ΔGº + RT ln Ka
ΔGº= - RT ln Ka
ΔGº= -8.314 J/K.mol x 298 K x ln (4.5 10⁻⁴)
ΔGº= 19092.8 J/mol
c)- According to the previous demonstation, at equilibrium ΔG= 0.
d)- In a non-equilibrium condition, we have Q which is calculated with the concentrations of products and reactions in a non equilibrium state:
ΔG= ΔGº + RT ln Q
Q= ((H⁺) (NO₂⁻))/(HNO₂)
Q= ( (5.9 10⁻² M) x (6.7 10⁻⁴ M) ) / (0.21 M)
Q= 1.88 10⁻⁴
We know that ΔGº= 19092.8 J/mol, so:
ΔG= ΔGº + RT ln Q
ΔG= 19092.8 J/mol + (8.314 J/K.mol x 298 K x ln (1.88 10⁻⁴)
ΔG= -2162.4 J/mol
Notice that ΔG<0, so the process is spontaneous in that direction.
Answer:
Ozone is good in the stratosphere because it absorbs all of the most energetic ultraviolet radiation (UV-C), most of the UV-B radiation and some of the least energetic UV radiation (UV-A). Ozone is “bad” in the troposphere because it is harmful to breathe and is the primary component of smog in summer.
Answer:
lesser the molar mass of the gas higher the no. of moles included in a certain mass sample. ie at STP more volume is required for the gas having less molar mass.
He has the smallest molar mass.
Therefore bag of He is the biggest.
Answer:
just subrracted them and find out whats m
Explanation:
1. In the remains of organisms such as plants and algae.
2. Air, peace of mind know knowleged and water
3. The Carboniferous
4. Is a colorless , odorless gass that is very flammable.
