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STALIN [3.7K]
3 years ago
10

In a separate experiment beginning from the same initial conditions, including a temperature Ti of 25.0°C, half the number of mo

les found in part (a) are withdrawn while the temperature is allowed to vary and the pressure undergoes the same change from 25.7 atm to 4.10 atm. What is the final temperature (in °C) of the gas?
Chemistry
1 answer:
NNADVOKAT [17]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

- 178 ºC

Explanation:

The  ideal gas law   states that :

PV = nRT,

where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is number of moles , R is the gas constant and T is the absolute temperature.

For the initial conditions :

P₁ V₁ = n₁ R T₁    (1)

and for the final conditions:

P₂V₂= n₂ R T₂    where   n₂ = n₁/2     then    P₂ V₂ = n₁/2 T₂    (2)

Assuming V₂ = V₁ and  dividing (2) by Eqn (1) :

P₂ V₂ = n₁/2 R T₂  / ( n₁ R T₁)      then  P₂ / P₁ = 1/2 T₂ / T₁

4.10 atm / 25.7 atm = 1/2 T₂ / 298 K ⇒ T₂ = 0.16 x 298 x 2 = 95.1 K

T₂ = 95 - 273 = - 178 º C

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<u>Answer:</u> The percentage yield of aspirin is 38.02 %.

<u>Explanation:</u>

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\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}      .....(1)

  • <u>For salicylic acid:</u>

Given mass of salicylic acid (C_7H_6O_3) = 10.09 g

Molar mass of salicylic acid (C_7H_6O_3) = 138.12 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

\text{Moles of salicylic acid}=\frac{10.09g}{138.12g/mol}=0.0730mol

The chemical equation for the formation of aspirin follows:

C_7H_6O_3+C_4H_6O_3\rightarrow C_9H_8O_4+CH_3COOH

As, acetic anhydride is present in excess. So, it is considered as an excess reagent.

Thus, salicylic acid is a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of products.

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of salicylic acid produces 1 mole of aspirin.

So, 0.0730 moles of salicylic acid will produce = \frac{1}{1}\times 0.0730=0.0730mol of aspirin

Now, calculating the mass of aspirin from equation 1, we get:

Molar mass of aspirin = 180.16 g/mol

Moles of aspirin = 0.073 moles

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

0.073mol=\frac{\text{Mass of aspirin}}{180.16g/mol}\\\\\text{Mass of aspirin}=13.15g

To calculate the percentage yield of aspirin, we use the equation:

\%\text{ yield}=\frac{\text{Experimental yield}}{\text{Theoretical yield}}\times 100

Experimental yield of aspirin = 5.0 g

Theoretical yield of aspirin = 13.15 g

Putting values in above equation, we get:

\%\text{ yield of aspirin}=\frac{5.0g}{13.15g}\times 100\\\\\% \text{yield of aspirin}=38.02\%

Hence, the percent yield of aspirin is 38.01 %.

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3 years ago
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