Question

Part a the third law of thermodynamics relates the entropy (randomness of matter to its absolute temperature. which of the following statements are in agreement with the third law of thermodynamics? check all that apply. check all that apply. at zero degrees kelvin, substances maximize entropy. at the melting point, the entropy of a system increases abruptly as the compound transforms into a liquid. as the temperature of a perfect crystal increases, the random vibrations of the molecules decrease. in a gaseous state, the entropy of the system is zero. in a crystalline state, there is a tendency to minimize entropy. at absolute zero, the interatomic distance within a crystal is minimized.

Answer 1

The third law of thermodynamics is concerned about the entropy of the system. This states that the entropy of the perfect crystal is zero only when the temperature of the crystal is equal to the absolute zero which is equal to zero kelvin.

Answer 2

Answer: The correct statements are at the melting point, the entropy of a system increases abruptly as the compound transforms into a liquid, in a crystalline state, there is a tendency to minimize entropy and at absolute zero, the inter-atomic distance within a crystal is minimized.

Explanation:

Third law of thermodynamics states that the minimum entropy must be assigned a zero value for a perfectly  pure crystalline structure.

From this we can say that,

Temperature is directly proportional to the entropy of the system.

$Temperature\propto Entropy$

Less the temperature, less will be randomness of the particles (less will be the entropy), less will be the inter-atomic distance between the particles.

Hence, from the information above, the correct statements are:

1. The entropy of a system increases abruptly as the compound transforms into a liquid,
2. In a crystalline state, there is a tendency to minimize entropy
3. At absolute zero, the inter-atomic distance within a crystal is minimized.