The particles are always in motion but not much and the particles are moving slower because said rock is a solid but if said rock was a gas the particles would move much faster and farther this is due to the gaining and loss of energy (i hope that makes sense)
Phosphorus will most likely have an ion that will be 3- because it wants to have a full outer shell. Thus, the elctron configuration is: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3.
