Answer: Option (b) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Buffere is defined as the solution to whom when an acid or base is added then it resists any in change in pH of the solution.
This is because a buffer has the ability to not get affected by the addition of small amounts of an acid or a base. So, basically it keeps the concentration of both hydrogen ions and hydroxides equal. As a result, it helps in maintaining the pH of the solution.
And, the capacity of a buffer solution to resist the change is known as buffer capacity.
Thus, we can conclude that buffering capacity refers to the extent to which a buffer solution can counteract the effect of added acid or base.
To solve this we use the
equation,
M1V1 = M2V2
<span>where M1 is the concentration of the stock solution, V1 is the
volume of the stock solution, M2 is the concentration of the new solution and
V2 is its volume.</span>
4.5 ( V1 ) = 3.0 ( 500 mL )
V1 = 333.33 mL needed of the 4.5 M phosphoric acid
Hope this answers the question. Have a nice day.
Answer: I believe this statement is true.
Explanation: Energy decreases as it moves up trophic levels because energy is lost as metabolic heat when the organisms from one trophic level are consumed by organisms from the next level. Sorry if this is wrong, it is just what i believe.
