Answer : The Bronsted-Lowry theory was not against the Arrhenius theory, rather it was just a modification to the previous theory of acids and bases. Hydroxide ions are considered as bases because they have the tendency to accept hydrogen ions from acids and form water.
An acid was the one which produces hydrogen ions in solution because it reacts with the water molecules by giving a proton to them.
In a nutshell, he described bases as hydrogen acceptor and acids as hydrogen donors.
Answer:
The law of reflection states that the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection are always equal.
Answer:
6.319857 * 10 to the power 7
Answer: All the circuits have energy source, wires and device that needs electrical energy in common.
Explanation: Electric circuit is a path through which electrons flow from higher potential to lower potential.
A wire is required to connect Energy source and a device that needs electrical energy to run. On the other hand, voltmeter and ammeter are the devices which are used to measure voltage and current respectively and not necessarily used in all the circuits.
Hence, the common components in an electric circuit are energy source, wires and device that needs electrical energy in common.
Answer:
Question 1: -7.3ºC
Question 2: 67.50%
Explanation:
Question 1:
For different reasons a thermometer can not give the exact temperature that it is measuring, such as incorrect calibration. So the thermometer will have an error, and for this, we can have a thermometer correction, doing experiments with a substance that we know the temperature. In this question that substance was benzoic acid.
The thermometer correction (Tc) is the temperature that was measured less the real temperature, so:
Tc = 115.1 - 122.4 = -7.3ºC
It means that the temperature given by the thermometer is 7.3ºC less than the real.
Question 2:
Recrystallization is the process of transforming the liquid in its solid form (crystals). So, the sample of 4.00 grams of benzoic acid, there'll be water or other impurities. The total benzoic acid given was 2.70 grams, so its percentage will be:
(mass of acid/ total mass)x100%
(2.70/4.00)x100% = 67.50%
