Answer:

Explanation:
When the unpolarized light passes through the first polarizer, only the component of the light parallel to the axis of the polarizer passes through.
Therefore, after the first polarizer, the intensity of light passing through it is halved, so the intensity after the first polarizer is:

Then, the light passes through the second polarizer. In this case, the intensity of the light passing through the 2nd polarizer is given by Malus' law:

where
is the angle between the axes of the two polarizer
Here we have

So the intensity after the 2nd polarizer is

And substituting the expression for I1, we find:

Answer:
Explanation:
The forces exerted by each mass is best understood in terms of their momentum.
Momentum is a sort of compelling force or impulse. It is given as:
Momentum = mass x velocity
Let us consider the momentum of the balls;
Substance C;
Mass = 1kg
Velocity = 5m/s
Momentum of C = 1 x 5 = 5kgm/s
Substance D:
Mass = 100kg
Velocity = 5m/s
Momentum of D = 100kg x 5m/s = 500kgm/s
Body D has a higher momentum compared to Body C. This suggests that body D will exert a higher force than C when they collide.
The higher the momentum, the more the force of impact it has.
It confirmed medeleeve's hypothesis (prediction) and showed the use of his table
Answer B is the correct pair.