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3 years ago

What is the relationship between isotopes, mass number, neutrons?

Chemistry

1 answer:

miv72 [106K]3 years ago

8 0

Answer:

For isotopes, the difference between the mass number and number of neutrons is constant.

Explanation:

Isotopes are atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers.

Number of neutrons in an atom can be obtained by subtracting the atomic number from the mass number.

So in other words , isotopes are atoms for which the difference between the mass number and number of neutrons is constant.

For example, Hydrogen,Deuterium and Tritium are isotopes of Hydrogen in which the difference between mass number and number of neutrons is 1.

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3 years ago

PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) ⇋ PCl5(g) Kc = 91.0 at 400 K. What is the [Cl2] at equilibrium if the initial concentrations were 0.24 M for PC

Dmitry_Shevchenko [17]

Answer:

[Cl₂] in equilibrium is 1.26 M

Explanation:

This is the equilibrium:

PCl₃(g) + Cl₂(g) ⇋ PCl₅(g)

Kc = 91

So let's analyse, all the process:

PCl₃(g) + Cl₂(g) ⇋ PCl₅(g)

Initially 0.24 M 1.50M 0.12 M

React x x x

Some amount of compound has reacted during the process.

In equilibrium we have

0.24 - x 1.50 - x 0.12 + x

As initially we have moles of product, in equilibrium we have to sum them.

Let's make the expression for Kc

Kc = [PCl₅] / [Cl₂] . [PCl₃]

91 = (0.12 + x) / (0.24 - x) ( 1.50 - x)

91 = (0.12 + x) / (0.36 - 0.24x - 1.5x + x²)

91 (0.36 - 0.24x - 1.5x + x²) = (0.12 + x)

32.76 - 158.34x + 91x² = 0.12 +x

32.64 - 159.34x + 91x² = 0

This a quadratic function:

a = 91; b= -159.34; c = 32.64

(-b +- √(b² - 4ac)) / 2a

Solution 1 = 1.5

Solution 2 = 0.23 (This is our value)

So [Cl₂] in equilibrium is 1.50 - 0.23 = 1.26 M

5 0

4 years ago

The standard internal energy change for a reaction can be symbolized as Δ U ∘ rxn or Δ E ∘ rxn . For each reaction equation, cal

rosijanka [135]

Answer : The internal energy change is, -506.3 kJ/mol

Explanation :

Formula used :

$\Delta H=\Delta U+\Delta n_gRT$

or,

$\Delta U=\Delta H-\Delta n_gRT$

where,

$\Delta H$ = change in enthalpy = $-511.3kJ/mol=-511300.0J/mol$

$\Delta U$ = change in internal energy = ?

$\Delta n_g$ = change in moles

Change in moles = Number of moles of product side - Number of moles of reactant side

According to the reaction:

Change in moles = 0 - 2 = -2 mole

That means, value of $\Delta n_gRT$ = 0

R = gas constant = 8.314 J/mol.K

T = temperature = $25^oC=273+25=298K$

Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get

$\Delta U=\Delta H-\Delta n_gRT$

$\Delta U=(-511300.0J/mol)-[-2mol\times 8.314J/mol.K\times 298K$

$\Delta U=-511300.0J/mol+4955.144J/mol$

$\Delta U=-506344.856J/mol=-506.3kJ/mol$

Therefore, the internal energy change is -506.3 kJ/mol

6 0

3 years ago