Explanation:
holes are left due to space left out the migrating electrons. they are positive charge carriers. if the electron moves in one direction, the holes appear to move in the opposite direction.
3. Decreases
The concentration of hydrogen ions increasing creates an acid, which is 7 or below on the pH scale. If the pH value lessens from 7 to create an acid, that would mean it decreases.
The reaction proceeds through nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction.
Phenyl magnesium bromide substitutes one ethoxide ion in the nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction that drives the process forward. A subsequent equivalent of phenyl magnesium bromide produces triphenyl methanol through a nucleophilic addition reaction with the resultant keto group.
There are two ethoxy leaving groups in diethyl carbonate. Tertiary alcohol is created when diethyl carbonate combines with too much Grignard reagent. The Grignard reagent attacks the carbonyl carbon three times in the mechanism to produce the tertiary alcohol.
The mechanism is shown below:
Learn more about Grignard reagent here:
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Answer:
1.75 × 10⁻³ M
Explanation:
Given:
Hardness = 175 mg CaCO₃/L
or mass of CaCO₃ in 1 L = 175 × 10⁻³ grams
Now,
Molar mass of CaCO₃ = 40 + 12 + ( 3 × 12 ) = 100 grams/mol
The concentration of CaCO₃ = number of moles / volume
or
= (175 × 10⁻³ / 100) / 1
or
= 1.75 × 10⁻³ M
Now,
CaCO₃ ⇒ Ca²⁺ + CO₃²⁻
1.75 × 10⁻³ M 1.75 × 10⁻³ M 1.75 × 10⁻³ M
thus,
the concentration of Ca²⁺ ions in water = 1.75 × 10⁻³ M
Personally, I would chose #1-Long chains of carbon molecules