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erastovalidia [21]
3 years ago
5

The molecular formula of butane is C4H10. It is obtained from petroleum and is used commonly in LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) cy

linders (a common source of cooking gas). It has two arrangements of carbon atoms: a straight chain and a branched chain. Using this information, draw the structure of the tertiary butyl radical that will form upon removal of a hydrogen atom.

Chemistry
2 answers:
LUCKY_DIMON [66]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Explanation:

Butane is an alkane and has no multiple bond in it.

The isomers of butane are

a) n-butane

b) t-butane

The structures are shown in the figure.

The most stable radical will be tertiary butyl radical.

The structures are shown in figure.

qaws [65]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

On the attached document.

Explanation:

Hello,

At first, if we're looking for the tertiary arrangement we must consider butane's branched structure which is shown on the attached document whose name is tert-butane. Afterwards, one must remove one hydrogen to let the tert-butyl radical, which is stood for a dot above the tertiary carbon, to be formed.

Best regards.

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Arrange the following atoms in order of increasing first ionization energy: He, Be, Se, Ne
Alex17521 [72]

Answer:

Be (899 kj/mol) , Se (940.9 kj/mol), Ne(2081 kj/mol), He (2370 kj/mol),

Explanation:

For noble gases as they have complete octet so they require high amount of energy to remove the electron.

Trend along period:

As we move from left to right across the periodic table the number of valance electrons in an atom increase. The atomic size tend to decrease in same period of periodic table because the electrons are added with in the same shell. When the electron are added, at the same time protons are also added in the nucleus. The positive charge is going to increase and this charge is greater in effect than the charge of electrons. This effect lead to the greater nuclear attraction. The electrons are pull towards the nucleus and valance shell get closer to the nucleus. As a result of this greater nuclear attraction atomic radius decreases and ionization energy increases because it is very difficult to remove the electron from atom and more energy is required.

Trend along group:

As we move down the group atomic radii increased with increase of atomic number. The addition of electron in next level cause the atomic radii to increased. The hold of nucleus on valance shell become weaker because of shielding of electrons thus size of atom increased.

As the size of atom increases the ionization energy from top to bottom also  decreases because it becomes easier to remove the electron because of less nuclear attraction and as more electrons are added the outer electrons becomes more shielded and away from nucleus.

8 0
3 years ago
Give the products of the reaction of butanal, with: (a) sodium borohydride, in methanol (b) hydrogen cyanide, with catalytic cya
miss Akunina [59]

Answer:

Answers are given below

Explanation:

(a) Aldehyde groups are reduced by sodium borohydride in methanol to give alcohol.

So, butanal produces butanol on reaction with sodium borohydride in methanol.

(b) Aldehyde forms cyanohydrin when they are treated with HCN with catalytic cyanide.

(c) Aldehydes are oxidized by potassium dichromate in dil. sulphuric acid to produce carboxylic acid.

(d) Aldehyde produces acetal with methanol and a trace amount of acid catalyst.

(e) Aldehyde gives condensation reaction with CH_{3}CH_{2}NH_{2} to produce imine.

Structures of products for the given reaction has been shown below.

4 0
2 years ago
What is the key difference that causes the atoms of one element to differ from the atoms of the other elements? A the number of
Akimi4 [234]

Answer:

B = the number of protons

Explanation:

The atom of every elements differ from each other because of number of protons they have.

Every atom consist of neutron, proton and electron. Protons and neutrons are present with in nucleus while the electrons are present out side the nucleus.

All these three subatomic particles construct an atom. A neutral atom have equal number of proton and electron.

The number of neutrons may be same but every atom have different number of protons.

Neutron and proton are present inside the nucleus. Proton has positive charge while neutron is electrically neutral. Proton is discovered by Rutherford while neutron is discovered by James Chadwick in 1932.

Symbol of proton= P+  

Symbol of neutron= n0  

Mass of proton=1.672623×10-27 Kg

Mass of neutron=1.674929×10-27 Kg

8 0
2 years ago
Propane (C3H8) can be burned to produce heat for homes. The products of the reaction are CO2 and H2O. For complete combustion to
Natalija [7]

Answer:

1- 3 Moles of CO2  

2- 132 g of CO2  

3- 105,6 g of CO2

4- Limiting Reagent O2

<u>Products form based on limiting reagent (384g O2) :</u>

CO2: 316,8 g

H2O: 172,8 g

<u>Products form based on C3H8 (132,33 g):</u>

CO2: 396,99 g

H2O: 216,54 g  

Explanation:

<u>Atomic Masses:</u>

C: 12

H: 1

O: 16

<u>Molecular weights:</u>

C3H8: 44 g

O2: 32 g

H2O: 18 g

CO2: 44 g

C3H8 + 5 O2⇒ 3 CO2 + 4 H2O

C3H8 (44g)+ O2 (160 g) ⇒ CO2 (132 g) + H2O (72 g)

In 5 moles of O2 are produced 3 moles of CO2, equivalent to 132 g

For 160g of O2 are produced 132 g of CO2, so 128 g of O2

160 g  O2 ⇒ 132 g CO2

128 g  O2⇒ × = 105,6 g CO2

(128×132÷160= 105,6)

The limiting reagent is the substance that is totally consumed when the chemical reaction is complete. The amount of product formed is limited by this reagent, because the reaction cannot continue without it.

If I have 132,33 g of C3H8 and 384 g O2 we can calculate:

For          44 g of CH3H8  ⇒160 g of O2

With   132,33 g of CH3H8 ⇒ ×= 481,2 g of O2

(132,33×160÷44=481,2)

As this amount exceeds the quantity of O2 that we have, we can assume that the 384 g O2 will be totally consumed.

<u>Calculations of the products formed in base of quantity of O2 (limiting reagent):</u>

160 g  O2 ⇒ 132 g CO2

384 g  O2⇒ × = 316,8 g CO2

(384×132÷160= 316,8)

160 g  O2 ⇒ 72 g H2O

384 g  O2⇒ × = 172,8 g H2O

(384×72÷160= 172,8)

<u>Calculations of the products formed in base of quantity of C3H8 (excess reagent):</u>

     44 g  C3H8 ⇒ 132 g CO2

132,33 g  C3H8 ⇒ × = 396,99 g CO2

(132,33×132÷44=396,99)

     44 g C3H8 ⇒ 72 g H2O

132,33 g  C3H8⇒ × = 216,54 g H2O

(132,33×72÷44= 216,54)

<u />

3 0
3 years ago
Heat &amp; moisture carried by the Gulf stream makes this area
elena55 [62]

Answer:

The Gulf Stream brings warm water from the equator

Explanation:

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4 0
2 years ago
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