1. Answer: components
A two dimensional vector can be divided into two parts called horizontal component and vertical component.
A three dimensional vector can be divided into three components: one along x-axis, one along y-axis and one along z-axis.
Hence, the vector parts that add up to the resultant are called components.
2. Answer: 5 miles.
The resultant distance along the straight line from the starting point to the end point would be the displacement.
The displacement would be equal to the magnitude of the hypotenuse formed in the right triangle.
Displacement, 
3. Answer: Scalar
A scalar quantity has only magnitude. For example, speed and distance are scalar quantities and can be normally added to find the total.
A vector quantity has both magnitude as well as direction. The components are summed according to vector addition rules. For example, velocity, acceleration, force etc.
If a particle undergoes simple harmonic motion with an amplitude of 0.21 meters, this means that the maximum displacement of the particle from its resting position is 0.21. For one period, it traveled from its starting position which is twice the amplitude and then back to its original position which is another distance that is twice the amplitude as well. Therefore, the total distance it traveled is 2*amplitude + 2*amplitude = 2*0.21 + 2*0.21 = 0.42 + 0.42 = 0.84 meters.
Answer:
Gases have three characteristic properties: 1. they are easy to compress, 2. they expand to fill their containers, and 3.they occupy far more space than the liquids or solids from which they form. Compressibility. An internal combustion engine provides a good example of the ease with which gases can be compressed.
Explanation:
An unglazed piece of porcelain, used to test the characteristic streak of minerals by rubbing the mineral across the tile. Streak plates have a hardness of about 6.5 on the Mohs scale and cannot be used for testing harder minerals.
