Answer:
<em>The comoving distance and the proper distance scale</em>
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Explanation:
The comoving distance scale removes the effects of the expansion of the universe, which leaves us with a distance that does not change in time due to the expansion of space (since space is constantly expanding). The comoving distance and proper distance are defined to be equal at the present time; therefore, the ratio of proper distance to comoving distance now is 1. The scale factor is sometimes not equal to 1. The distance between masses in the universe may change due to other, local factors like the motion of a galaxy within a cluster. Finally, we note that the expansion of the Universe results in the proper distance changing, but the comoving distance is unchanged by an expanding universe.
Answer:
Final speed of the train is 7.5 m/s
Explanation:
It is given that,
Uniform acceleration of the train is, a = 1.5 m/s²
It starts from rest and travels for 5.0 s. We have to find the final velocity of the train. By using first equation of motion as :

Here, train starts from rest so, u = 0
v = 7.5 m/s
So, the final velocity of the train is 7.5 m/s. Hence, this is the required solution.
Answer:
The time elapses until the boat is first at the trough of a wave is 4.46 seconds.
Explanation:
Speed of the wave, v = 59 km/h = 16.38 m/s
Wavelength of the wave, 
If f is the frequency of the wave. The frequency of a wave is given by :

The time period of the wave is given by :

We need to find the time elapses until the boat is first at the trough of a wave. So, the time will be half of the time period of the wave.

Hence, this is the required solution.
Answer:
Verified that he oscillations are exactly isosynchronous with frequency ω0 = p g/l, independent of the amplitude.
Explanation:
Starting from the first principle for the derivation and to prove that the oscillations are exactly isosynchronous with frequency ω0 = p g/l, independent of the amplitude. The mathematical manipulations was applied, trigonometric identities was also applied.The steps and explanation are shown in the attachment.
The meter is the S.I.unit for length.