Bonds formed between atoms can be classified as ionic and covalent
Ionic bonds are formed between atoms that have a high difference in the electronegativity values.
In contrast, bonds formed between atoms that have a difference in electronegativity lower than the ionic counterparts are polar covalent bonds. If the atoms have very similar electronegativities, they form non-polar covalent bonds.
In H2S, the S atom is bonded to 2 H atoms. The electronegativity of H = 2.2 and S= 2.56. Since the difference is not high the bond formed will be covalent (polar covalent).
The oxidation number of elements in equation below are,
4NH₃ + 3Ca(ClO)₂ → 2N₂ + 6H₂O + 3CaCl₂
O.N of N in NH₃ = -3
O.N of Ca in Ca(ClO)₂ and CaCl₂ = +2
O.N of N in N₂ = 0
O.N of Cl in Ca(ClO)₂ = +1
O.N of Cl in CaCl₂ = -1
Oxidation:
Oxidation number of Nitrogen is increasing from -3 (NH₃) to 0 (N₂).
Reduction:
Oxidation number of Cl is decreasing from +1 [Ca(ClO)₂] to -1 (CaCl₂).
Result:
<span>N is oxidized and Cl is reduced.</span>
(a) chlorine gains an electron from a sodium atom
